面向机械产品设计的知识服务关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 22:24

本文关键词：面向机械产品设计的知识服务关键技术研究　出处：《山东大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着国际经济环境的持续低迷与动荡以及经济全球化进一步加深,中国制造企业正面临着制造产业业务流失、制造行业利润持续走低的困境。对于中国制造企业来说,加大研发力度,提升产品设计创新能力,增强核心竞争力,是摆脱这一困境的唯一出路。产品设计是一个知识积累、复用的螺旋上升过程。由于产品设计过程中知识获取困难、设计人员知识应用效率低下以及产品设计知识库维护尚存不足等因素,影响了企业中知识的复用,阻碍了企业设计能力的提升。因此,本文对面向产品设计的知识服务体系构架及其知识集成、知识整合以及知识推送三个关键技术开展了研究,以提高设计人员知识复用的效率,提升产品设计创新能力,增强核心竞争力,促进我国制造业的结构化转型,向价值链的高端环节延伸。针对设计人员知识需求的特点以及企业数据与知识管理的现状,在传统知识获取服务模式的基础上扩展了知识应用服务模式,建立了涵盖知识资源层、知识组织层、知识供应层和设计执行层四个层次的知识服务体系架构,形成了从离散知识组织到主动知识供应的知识服务过程,通过知识集成、知识整合和知识推送三种手段达到降低知识应用难度、提高知识检索效率以及改善知识获取方式的目的,为提高知识复用效率奠定了理论基础。针对传统基于知识工程的工具构建方法在通用性、易用性方面存在不足,难以满足知识集成工作要求的问题,研究了以产品设计向导作为知识集成的载体、基于产品设计向导构建方法的知识集成模式。首先,根据产品变型设计的特点,建立了变型设计产品层次结构模型、对产品设计知识进行了分类、定义了设计元素间的知识约束关系,提出了基于知识约束的设计活动过程动态规划方法,构建了产品设计向导模型,提出了产品设计向导快速构建过程,为企业产品设计集成工作提供了系统的方法与技术支撑。然后,基于该方法设计并开发了基于图形用户界面的产品设计向导快速开发平台,为企业提供了一种便捷、易用的知识集成辅助工具,提高了企业知识集成工作的效率与质量。针对知识服务系统中装配体模型检索困难的问题,建立了基于语义标注方法的装配体模型知识整合框架。以标准语义结构作为装配体模型高层语义信息与低层几何信息间“语义鸿沟”的桥梁,提出了基于标准语义结构的装配体语义自动标注方法,提高了语义标注的效率以及确保了语义标注的统一性,实现了装配体模型的整合。而后,针对空间结构对于装配体模型工程语义的重要影响，提出了基于空间结构的装配体模型相似评价方法,扩展了标准语义结构的可选择范围,提升了装配体语义自动标注方法的适应性。为了提高知识推送的准确性,基于设计任务多样性以及设计人员知识需求个性化、动态化的特征,构建了包含用户轮廓和任务轮廓的知识需求模型。提出基于知识复用行为与记忆-遗忘模型的知识需求获取与演化更新方法,实现了对于设计人员知识需求的自动获取与动态更新,避免传统手工设置方法的主观性强、效率低以及无法跟踪设计人员知识需求动态变化的问题,提高了知识需求获取的效率及准确性。设计了基于用户轮廓和任务轮廓的知识推送引擎,实现了面向设计人员的个性化知识推送。最后,在知识服务体系架构及其关键技术研究的基础上,建立了知识服务系统的业务流程模型,基于山东山大华天软件有限公司的可定制产品全生命周期管理平台设计开发了面向机械产品设计的知识服务原型系统,并对系统进行了应用验证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, along with the international economic environment downturn and turmoil and economic globalization, China manufacturing industry manufacturing enterprises are facing a loss of business, manufacturing industry profits continue to decline dilemma. For Chinese manufacturing enterprises, increase research and development efforts, improve product design innovation ability, enhance core competitiveness, is the only way to get rid of this dilemma. Product design is a process of knowledge accumulation and reuse spiral. Due to the difficulty of knowledge acquisition in the process of product design, design personnel knowledge application efficiency and product design knowledge base maintenance defects and other factors, the influence of knowledge reuse in the enterprise, the enterprise to enhance the ability of design obstacles. Therefore, in this paper to the structure and knowledge of product design knowledge service system integration, knowledge integration and knowledge push three key technology to carry out research, to Improve the efficiency of knowledge reuse, enhance product design innovation ability, enhance core competitiveness, promote structural transformation of China's manufacturing industry and extend to high-end links of value chain.
According to the characteristics of design knowledge needs and current situation of enterprise data and knowledge management, based on traditional knowledge service model extends the knowledge application service model, covering the establishment of knowledge resource, knowledge organization, knowledge supply layer and design implementation of knowledge service architecture of four layers, the formation of knowledge service the process of active knowledge supply from discrete knowledge organization, through knowledge integration, knowledge integration and knowledge push three methods to reduce the difficulty of the application of knowledge, improve the efficiency of knowledge retrieval and improve knowledge acquisition mode, provided the theoretical basis for improving the efficiency of knowledge reuse.
In view of the traditional construction method based on knowledge engineering tools in general, usability problems, it is difficult to meet the requirements of knowledge integration problems, based on product design wizard as a carrier of knowledge integration, knowledge integration model construction method of product design based on guide. First of all, according to the characteristics of product variant design, a variant the design of the product hierarchy structure model of product design knowledge classification, the definition of knowledge constraint relations between the elements of design, propose a dynamic programming method design process based on knowledge constraints, construct the design wizard model, presents a product design wizard to quickly build process, design and technology integration work provides system support for the enterprise products. Then, the method to design and develop a rapid development platform of product design wizard graphical user interface based on, It provides a convenient and easy to use tool for knowledge integration for enterprises to improve the efficiency and quality of enterprise knowledge integration.
According to the model retrieval problem of assembly knowledge service system, establish the framework of knowledge integration model of assembly semantic annotation method based on semantic structure. With the standard as a bridge assembly model of high-level semantic information and the low-level geometric information between the "semantic gap", the automatic annotation of assembly semantics standard semantic structure based on the improved semantic annotation efficiency and ensure the unity of semantic annotation, realize the integration of the assembly model. Then, according to the spatial structure of an important influence on the assembly model of engineering semantics, proposed the evaluation method of similar assembly model based on space structure, expansion of the standard semantic structure can enhance the range of choices, the automatic annotation of assembly semantics adaptability.
In order to improve the accuracy of knowledge push, design diversity and design knowledge based personalized demand, dynamic characteristics, construct the knowledge demand model contains the user profile and task profile. Proposed acquisition and evolution method of knowledge demand forgetting model of knowledge reuse based on behavior and memory, for the realization of automatic acquisition and dynamic update the design personnel knowledge requirements, to avoid the traditional manual setting methods are subjective, inefficient and unable to track the changes of dynamic knowledge demand design personnel, improve the efficiency and accuracy of the knowledge demand of obtaining the user profile and task design. The outline of the knowledge push engine based on the personalized knowledge oriented designers push send.
Finally, based on the study of the knowledge service architecture and its key technologies, the establishment of the business process model of knowledge service, knowledge service prototype system of Shandong Alexander Alex Hua Tian software company can design customized products whole life cycle management platform is developed for the design of mechanical products based on, and the system of the application verification.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH122

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