滚子夹套式回转支承轮压均衡方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 13:32

本文关键词：滚子夹套式回转支承轮压均衡方法研究　出处：《大连理工大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着海洋经济的快速发展,大型海洋起重设备的开发作为大多数海洋工程的配套工程越来越受到重视,滚子夹套式回转支承因具有结构紧凑,重心位置低,承载能力大等诸多优点成为大型海洋起重设备最常用的回转支承类型,但这种类型的回转支承装置存在着一个显著的缺点,就是承载时各滚轮间压力分布很不均匀,这造成工作状态下有些滚轮承载过大,而有些滚轮几乎不受力,影响整机的安全性以及回转支承的使用寿命。本文以与国内某重工企业合作开展的研究性项目为依托,以大型海洋平台起重机滚子夹套式回转支承为研究对象,以有限元软件ANSYS和APDL为主要研究工具,分别从调整回转支承结构刚度分布和调整回转轨道不平度两条路径出发,研究解决滚子夹套式回转支承轮压分布不均衡问题的方法。本文首先研究了回转支承结构刚度分布对轮压均衡度的影响,基于有限元软件ANSYS建立了包括轮轨接触系统在内的回转支承有限元模型,通过改变回转支承转盘内部筋板的布置方向、布置位置、筋板形状和厚度等方式改变回转支承结构的刚度分布,分析比较各有限元模型计算所得的轮压值,从中找出对轮压分布最有利的回转支承结构形式。研究表明,较有利于轮压均衡分布的筋板布置方式为实心的筋板沿着回转轨道圆周方向均匀地分布于滚轮轨道正上方。然后研究了在固定的回转支承结构形式下,回转轨道不平度对轮压均衡度的影响。在有限元软件中,通过调整回转轨道轮轨接触区域的强制位移量的方式模拟调整回转轨道不平度。为实现计算机循环迭代自动计算出实现轮压均衡所需调整的轨道位移量,编写了若干APDL程序,研究结果表明通过该方法在有限元软件中可以实现轮压均衡。为验证调整回转轨道不平度实现轮压均衡的有限元方法的可行性,专门设计了验证性试验并进行了实物模型现场测试,试验结果表明以该有限元方法指导调整回转轨道不平度可以显著改善轮压分布,证明该方法是可行的。最后本文分析比较了两种方法各自的特点,并结合算例说明了如何将两种方法结合应用以达到最佳的轮压均衡效果。本文的研究成果为滚子夹套式回转支承相关工程设计人员提供了一种全新的设计思路和一种基于有限元软件的便捷又可行的方法,具有实际的工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of marine economy, the development of large marine hoisting equipment as the supporting engineering of most ocean projects has been paid more and more attention. The roller clamped slewing bearing has compact structure and low center of gravity. Many advantages, such as large bearing capacity, have become the most commonly used type of slewing support for large marine hoisting equipment, but this type of rotary support device has a significant disadvantage. The pressure distribution between the rollers is very uneven, which causes some rollers to bear too much load in the working state, while some rollers almost do not bear the force, which affects the safety of the whole machine and the service life of the slewing support. In this paper, based on the research project carried out in cooperation with a domestic heavy industry enterprise, the roller clamp slewing bearing of large offshore platform crane is taken as the research object. With the finite element software ANSYS and APDL as the main research tools, two paths of adjusting the stiffness distribution of the slewing bearing structure and adjusting the irregularity of the track are set out respectively. The method to solve the problem of uneven pressure distribution of roller clamping slewing bearing is studied. In this paper, the influence of the stiffness distribution of the slewing bearing structure on the wheel pressure balance is studied, and the finite element model of the slewing bearing including wheel-rail contact system is established based on the finite element software ANSYS. The stiffness distribution of the rotary support structure is changed by changing the arrangement direction, position, shape and thickness of the rotating support plate, and the wheel pressure values calculated by each finite element model are analyzed and compared. The structure form of rotary bearing which is most favorable to the distribution of wheel pressure is found out. The stiffened plate, which is more favorable to the uniform distribution of wheel pressure, is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotary track along the straight top of the rolling wheel track. Then, the influence of the unevenness of the track on the wheel pressure equalization under the fixed structure of the slewing bearing is studied. In the finite element software. By adjusting the forced displacement of the wheel-rail contact area of the rotary track, the adjustment of the rotational track irregularity is simulated. In order to realize the computer cycle iteration, the track displacement which needs to be adjusted to realize the wheel pressure equalization is automatically calculated. Some APDL programs have been written, and the results show that the method can realize wheel pressure equalization in finite element software, and to verify the feasibility of the finite element method to adjust the rotation track irregularity to achieve wheel pressure equalization. The confirmatory test was designed and the field test of the physical model was carried out. The experimental results show that the wheel pressure distribution can be significantly improved by using the finite element method to guide the adjustment of the unevenness of the rotary track, and it is proved that the method is feasible. Finally, the characteristics of the two methods are analyzed and compared, and an example is given to illustrate how to apply the two methods in order to achieve the best wheel pressure equalization effect. The research results of this paper provide a new design idea and a convenient and feasible method based on finite element software for the related engineering designers of roller clamped slewing bearing. It has practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH21;TH133.3

【引证文献】