叉车门架性能综合测试系统

发布时间：2018-01-15 22:31

本文关键词：叉车门架性能综合测试系统　出处：《浙江大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：叉车在现代物流中占据着不可或缺的地位,门架作为叉车的主要装置,其好坏关系着叉车的好坏,因此有必要对门架进行专业性的测量。目前在国内外更多的是采用激光测距仪对叉车门架的垂直移动距离和速度的检测。测试内容少,不能全面反映叉车门架的性能。鉴于此,门架综合测试系统采用具有光源明亮、体积小、发光效率高、寿命长、直流供电、安全可靠等一系列优点的LED光源作为发光光源。利用液压站驱动叉车门架的升降、侧移及倾斜运动。系统同时利用图像成像原理,将摄像机安装在二维转动台上,跟踪随门架一起运动的LED灯并拍摄下LED的运动轨迹。采用加速度倾角传感器,通过无线蓝牙技术把前后倾斜、左右倾斜等参数信息传输到计算机上。利用图像分析处理技术,结合倾角传感器测量的结果,分析不同时刻、不同位置的图像,得到门架的升降的高度和速度、自动下滑量、倾斜角度、横移距离的测量,实现对门架的综合自动检测。在进行文献查阅,门架测量方法调研后,设计了叉车门架性能综合测试系统的总体框架方案,研究了系统实现的测量原理、门架的机械安装、液压站的工作原理以及系统的硬件电路和软件的设计。对于液压站工作系统,深入研究了液压站工作系统是如何实现模拟叉车运行来作为门架运动的动力源,进而驱动门架进行升降、侧移和倾斜运动。硬件电路方面,设计了以51单片机为核心的硬件控制电路,实现了光源LED供电、二维转动平台控制、倾角检测和通信等功能。软件部分主要为系统的上位机界面的程序设计及单片控制程序的设计。上位机软件包括系统配置与参数定标、串口通信、图像采集处理和数据传输、分析与显示等。单片机软件实现对二维转动平台的转动控制、倾角数据传输以及液压站工作等功能。上位机和下位机间通过串口、PCI接口以及蓝牙等进行数据的传输工作。完成系统软硬件的设计后,对系统进行综合测试试验,试验结果表明叉车门架性能综合测试系统达到设计的要求,实现了对门架性能参数的测量。
[Abstract]:Forklift plays an important role in modern logistics, the door frame as the main device of the forklift, the quality of the relationship with the forklift is good or bad, so it is necessary to measure the portal frame professional. At home and abroad more is the use of laser rangefinder detection of forklift gantry vertical moving distance and speed of the test content. Less, can not fully reflect the performance of the forklift gantry.
In view of this, the door frame integrated test system using a light bright, small volume, high luminous efficiency, long life, safe and reliable DC power supply, LED light source and a series of advantages as light source. The use of hydraulic drive forklift lifting door frame, lateral displacement and tilt motion. System and the use of imaging principle, the camera installed in the 2D rotating table, tracking LED lights and moving with the door frame and shoot the trajectories of LED. Using the acceleration angle sensor, through the Bluetooth wireless technology before and after the tilt, tilt the parameters such as the transmission of information to the computer. By using image processing technology, combined with the tilt sensor measurement results, analysis for different times. The images of different position, get the lifting gantry height and speed, automatic volume decline, tilt angle, transverse distance measurement, realize the comprehensive automatic detection of the portal frame.
In the literature review, the research frame measurement method, design the overall framework of forklift gantry performance comprehensive testing system, the measurement principle of the system realization, gantry machine installation, hardware circuit and software design principle of hydraulic station and system. The system in-depth study of the hydraulic station. Hydraulic station system is how to realize the simulation of the truck running as a power source to drive the movement of the door frame, door frame lifting, lateral displacement and tilt motion. The hardware circuit is designed, with 51 single-chip microcomputer as the core of the hardware control circuit, the LED power source, a two-dimensional rotation angle detection and control platform, communication and other functions design and program design. Single chip PC control program interface system is the main part of the software. The PC software includes system configuration and parameter calibration, serial communication, image acquisition Processing and data transmission, analysis and display. SCM software implements functions of rotation control, tilt data transmission and hydraulic station operation of two dimensional rotary platform. Data transmission between upper computer and slave computer is carried out through serial port, PCI interface and Bluetooth.
After completing the design of the system hardware and software, the system is tested comprehensively. The test results show that the comprehensive test system of the forklift truck door performance meets the design requirements and achieves the measurement of the performance parameters of the gantry.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH242;TP274

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