门座起重机弹性臂架系统协同优化与动态特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 06:19

本文关键词：门座起重机弹性臂架系统协同优化与动态特性研究　出处：《太原科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国际贸易的迅速发展，各类港口起重机的需求量不断增加，促使起重机朝着起重量大型化、自重轻型化、速度快捷化、装卸高效化的方向发展。门座起重机具有作业灵活便捷、装卸货物适应性广等优点，是大型港口必备的装卸机械，发挥着不可替代的作用。国际物流加速的同时，对起重机的设计制造水平与作业效率要求也越来越高。四连杆臂架门座起重机具有较高作业效率，，是大型混装船装卸采用的最常用设备，其四连杆臂架系统性能的优劣在很大程度上决定了整机的使用性能。对臂架系统的主要结构尺寸进行优化设计，也是门座起重机整体设计的重要环节，其优劣还决定性地影响整机的工作可靠性和经济性。本文以起重量25t、工作幅度9.5~33m的一台门座起重机的四连杆臂架系统作为研究对象，将臂架系统视为弹性体，对臂架系统进行构件尺寸优化；并对其进行变幅作业运动学与动力学仿真，从而获得弹性变幅轨迹，验证了基于弹性的系统优化结果，使载重变幅时货物更接近水平平移，工作更平稳、更节能、构件构造更合理，作业安全可靠。本论文的主要内容有：（1）将四连杆组合臂架系统视为弹性体，以有限元法与结构力学为理论基础，实现臂架系统的各个杆件尺寸的协同优化。（2）分别将臂架系统作为刚体与弹性体，以多体动力学作为理论基础，对臂架系统在货物满载的情况下进行仿真分析，分析两种模型对应结果的差异。（3）将臂架系统的优化结果与仿真结果进行比较，验证优化结果的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of international trade, the demand of all kinds of port cranes is increasing, which urges the cranes to become large, lightweight and fast. The gantry crane has the advantages of flexible and convenient operation, wide adaptability of loading and unloading, and is the necessary loading and unloading machinery in large port. With the acceleration of international logistics, the level of crane design and manufacturing and the efficiency of operation are becoming more and more important. The four-link jib gantry crane is the most commonly used equipment for large mixed loading and unloading because of its high working efficiency. The performance of the four-link boom system determines the performance of the whole machine to a great extent. The optimization design of the main structural dimensions of the boom system is also an important link in the overall design of portal crane. Its advantages and disadvantages also determinedly affect the reliability and economy of the whole machine. In this paper, the four-bar boom system of a portal crane with lifting weight of 25t and working range of 9.533m is taken as the research object. The jib system is regarded as an elastic body, and the size of the jib system is optimized. The kinematics and dynamics simulation is carried out to obtain the elastic amplitude shift trajectory, which verifies the system optimization results based on elasticity, which makes the cargo more close to horizontal translation and more stable when the load varies. More energy saving, more reasonable structure of components, safe and reliable operation. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: 1) the four-bar combined boom system is regarded as an elastic body. Based on the theory of finite element method and structural mechanics, the cooperative optimization of the dimensions of each member of the boom system is realized. 2) the boom system is regarded as rigid body and elastic body, and the multi-body dynamics is taken as the theoretical basis, and the simulation analysis of the boom system under the condition of full load of goods is carried out, and the difference of corresponding results between the two models is analyzed. The optimization results of the boom system are compared with the simulation results to verify the correctness of the optimization results.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.4

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