船用大型齿轮传动的振动分析和动力学研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 18:16

本文关键词：船用大型齿轮传动的振动分析和动力学研究　出处：《武汉理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着国际贸易行业的不断发展,航运业在近些年来得到了迅速的提升。在船用机械上,船用齿轮减速器是一种应用十分广泛的机械,尤其是在柴油机喷油系统、调速轴系和绞锚机上应用非常广泛。所以船用齿轮在船舶运行中的正常工作是非常重要的。一旦齿轮失效,即发生故障,将会对船舶的正常运行造成很大的影响。对船用齿轮来说,失效形式主要有点蚀,胶合和磨损,在恶劣工况下会发生船用齿轮的折断,另外,伴随着齿轮运行,振动和噪声也是不可避免的,所以减少振动和噪声现在是人们研究的一个重点。本文根据一种与内河船用中速柴油机相匹配的单级齿轮减速器,给定参数,参照直齿轮传动设计标准,计算了减速齿轮传动齿轮对的基本参数,在Pro/E中分别建立了主、从动齿轮的三维模型,并按照设计要求完成了主、从动齿轮的几何装配。接着从结构模态分析理论出发,给出了机械系统的固有特性的求解方法和步骤,介绍了ANSYS中求解模型固有频率和固有振型方法。在ANSYS的模态分析模块中对船用齿轮进行了有限元模态分析,得到了其前10阶固有频率及对应的固有振型。通过比较模态分析结果,分析单个齿轮的固有频率,并且进一步比较了各组固有频率间的相互关系。为了避免齿轮所在的传动系统发生共振现象,应使外界激励响应的频率避开齿轮的固有频率。最后,分析了齿轮啮合耦合模型振动分析的基本方法,应用第二章建好的啮合齿轮对模型,通过建立齿轮副扭转振动动力学模型,转化为IGES格式,导入ADAMS分析软件中,运用参数化建模和仿真方法,考虑啮合传动过程中的冲击和载荷,对模型进行动力学仿真分析,依据振动特性评估参数,从振动位移、振动速度、振动加速度、振动角速度、振动角加速度上考虑,经过分析可以从中看出在齿轮啮合过程中从动轮的变化幅度大,啮合齿轮对的振动主要表现为从动齿轮振动,在考虑船用齿轮振动分析时,主要考虑对象应以从动轮为主。这些都为实际设计齿轮提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the international trade industry, the shipping industry has been rapidly promoted in recent years. In marine machinery, marine gear reducer is a kind of widely used machinery. Especially in the diesel engine fuel injection system, speed control shafting and strangulation machine is very widely used. So the normal operation of marine gears in the ship operation is very important. Once the gear failure, it will break down. For marine gears, the main failure forms are pitting, gluing and wear. In bad working conditions, marine gears will be broken, in addition, accompanied by gear operation. Vibration and noise are also inevitable, so reducing vibration and noise is now a research focus. According to a kind of single-stage gear reducer matching with inland marine medium speed diesel engine, the basic parameters of gear pair of decelerating gear transmission are calculated according to the design standard of spur gear transmission. The 3D models of master gear and follower gear are established in Pro/E, and the geometric assembly of master gear and follower gear is completed according to the design requirements. Then, based on the theory of structural modal analysis, the method and steps of solving the inherent characteristics of mechanical system are given. In this paper, the method of solving the natural frequency and mode shape of the model in ANSYS is introduced. The finite element modal analysis of marine gear is carried out in the modal analysis module of ANSYS. The first 10 natural frequencies and the corresponding natural modes are obtained, and the natural frequencies of a single gear are analyzed by comparing the results of modal analysis. In order to avoid the resonance of the transmission system in which the gear is located, the frequency of the external excitation response should be avoided from the natural frequency of the gear. Finally, the paper analyzes the basic method of vibration analysis of gear meshing coupling model, applies the meshing gear pair model built in Chapter 2, and transforms the dynamic model of gear pair torsional vibration into IGES format. Introducing ADAMS analysis software, using parametric modeling and simulation method, considering the impact and load in the meshing transmission process, the dynamic simulation analysis of the model is carried out, and the parameters are evaluated according to the vibration characteristics. From the vibration displacement, vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, vibration angular velocity, vibration angular acceleration, through the analysis can be seen in the gear meshing process from the change of large amplitude of wheel. The vibration of meshing gear pair is mainly reflected in the vibration of driven gear. When considering the vibration analysis of marine gear, the main object of consideration should be the slave wheel, which provides a reference for the actual design of gear.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH132.41;U664.22

【引证文献】