基于LabVIEW和HHT的机械设备状态监测研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 09:49

本文关键词： 希尔伯特-黄变换状态监测 LabVIEW 谐波信号分析　出处：《昆明理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：机械设备的故障监测是工业生产中重要的一个问题,目前对机械故障的判断较多都是人为判断,这样不仅影响工业生产效益,也不能及时对机械故障进行排查,严重的甚至导致停产及人员伤亡,因此,设计出一套完善的机械设备状态监测系统对工业生产非常重要,这套系统不仅要能准确判断出机械是否出现故障,而且在及时性和实时性上都有很高的要求,这样才能保证将机械故障造成的损失减少到最小本文主要针对常见的机械信号进行仿真分析研究,基于虚拟仪器平台设计出一种新型可通用的机械故障状态监测分析系统。本系统是在LabVIEW平台上应用希尔伯特-黄(Hilbert-Huang,HHT)变换方法,对仿真机械故障中的振动试验数据进行时频联合分析(Joint Time-Frequency Analysis,JTFA),得出具体分析图。本文的主要工作如下： 1)首先,利用LabVIEW平台的虚拟示波器产生谐波对系统进行验证,得证本系统的正确性和可靠性；再通过一套数据采集系统对数据进行实际采集,加以分析处理,得出本系统的可实施性。其中,数据采集系统主要采用NI公司设计的PCI-6251数据采集板卡和SC-7025面包板；在信号预处理方面,本文设计了数字滤波器和小波降噪仪对信号进行滤波与去噪； 2)此外,为了对比正常信号与故障信号,进一步提高了信号分析的准确性,加入了数据存储与读取系统,从而为研究机械故障提供参考图形数据。 3)最终,本文独自设计的HHT算法分析系统可以对振动信号进行分析,从而判断常见的机械故障,体现本系统的实用性与普遍性。本文的目的主要是对希尔伯特黄变换的理解和应用,不仅对此算法提出改进方法,而且把时频联合分析法中最新的研究——HHT算法变换与虚拟仪器中的佼佼者——LabVIEW软件很好的结合起来,在信号输入的准确率高、及时性好和稳定性强的基础上,实现对数据完善的处理和分析,尽量减少负面影响,达到故障诊断的最佳判断。本文研究得证,HHT算法能在LabVIEW上得到很好地实现,并且信号分析结果很好,能够获得预期的波形和数据,这样为今后的实际应用做好了准备。
[Abstract]:The fault monitoring of machinery and equipment is an important problem in industrial production. At present, the judgment of mechanical fault is mostly artificial judgment, which not only affects the efficiency of industrial production, but also can not investigate the mechanical fault in time. It is very important to design a perfect monitoring system for the condition of machinery and equipment. This system should not only accurately judge whether the machinery is out of order or not. Moreover, there are high requirements in timeliness and real-time, so that the loss caused by mechanical failure can be minimized. In this paper, the common mechanical signals are simulated and analyzed. Based on the virtual instrument platform, a new general-purpose mechanical fault condition monitoring and analysis system is designed. The system is based on the LabVIEW platform and is applied to Hilbert-Huang. In this paper, the time-frequency joint Time-Frequency analysis method is used to analyze the vibration test data in simulated mechanical faults. The concrete analysis diagram is obtained. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) first of all, using the virtual oscilloscope of LabVIEW platform to produce harmonics to verify the correctness and reliability of the system; Then through a set of data acquisition system to collect the actual data, to analyze and process, get the implementation of the system. The data acquisition system mainly adopts PCI-6251 data acquisition board and SC-7025 bread board designed by NI company. In the aspect of signal preprocessing, digital filter and wavelet denoising instrument are designed to filter and Denoise the signal. 2) in order to further improve the accuracy of signal analysis, a data storage and reading system is added to provide reference graphic data for the study of mechanical faults. 3) finally, the HHT algorithm analysis system designed in this paper can analyze the vibration signal and judge the common mechanical fault, which reflects the practicability and universality of the system. The purpose of this paper is to understand and apply Hilbert-Huang transform, not only to improve the algorithm. And the latest research in the joint time-frequency analysis, HHT algorithm transformation and the outstanding virtual instruments-LabVIEW software very good combination, in the signal input accuracy. On the basis of good timeliness and strong stability, the processing and analysis of the data is perfect, the negative influence is reduced as far as possible, and the best judgment of fault diagnosis is achieved. In this paper, we find that the HHT algorithm can be well implemented on LabVIEW, and the signal analysis results are very good, and can obtain the expected waveform and data. In this way, preparation is made for the practical application in the future.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH165.3

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