轮轨接触分析及其对桥架结构的影响

发布时间：2018-01-19 13:28

本文关键词： 起重机弹塑性接触非线性轮轨接触桥架结构　出处：《武汉科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：桥式起重机作为一种重要的物流装备，广泛应用于国民经济的各生产部门。随着人类有限资源的不断减少，我国起重机的设计逐渐向低净空、低轮压、低能耗的节能化方向发展。一种有效途径就是降低起重机的自重和整体高度。传统的设计方法采用经典公式计算许用轮压和桥架结构，往往导致设计结果偏于保守，一方面加大了车轮的尺寸，使整机重心升高；另一方面车轮和桥架的重量增大，从而增加了整机的自重。为了分析车轮及桥架的实际承载能力，本文使用非线性有限元法对轮轨关系以及轮轨接触作用下桥架的应力进行了全面的研究。本文以某电厂用的双梁桥式起重机为研究对象，主要做了以下工作： 1）根据起重机轮轨和桥架的实际尺寸，建立了轮轨系统和桥架的有限元模型； 2）对起重机轮轨系统分别进行有限元弹性和弹塑性分析，分别得到不同载荷作用下的各应力分布情况，并对两种模型的计算结果作对比分析； 3）将小车轮压按两种不同方式简化为集中载荷分别施加给桥架，并分析桥架在这两种轮压作用方式下的应力分布情况； 4）在小车车轮与轨道间建立接触对，，得到小车轮压经接触方式传递给桥架时桥架的应力分布情况； 5）对比分析轮压载荷按照以上三种不同方式加载时桥架结构的受力特点。
[Abstract]:Bridge crane, as an important logistics equipment, is widely used in various production departments of the national economy. With the continuous reduction of human limited resources, the design of crane in China is gradually to low clearance, low wheel pressure. One effective way is to reduce the weight and the overall height of the crane. The traditional design method uses the classical formula to calculate the allowable wheel pressure and the bridge structure. Often lead to conservative design results, on the one hand increased the size of the wheel, so that the center of gravity of the whole machine increased; On the other hand, the weight of the wheel and the bridge is increased, thus increasing the weight of the whole machine. In order to analyze the actual bearing capacity of the wheel and the bridge. In this paper, nonlinear finite element method is used to study the relationship between wheel and rail and the stress of bridge under wheel / rail contact. In this paper, the double girder bridge crane used in a power plant is taken as the research object. The main work is as follows: 1) according to the actual size of wheel / rail and bridge frame of crane, the finite element model of wheel / rail system and bridge frame is established. 2) the finite element elastic and elastoplastic analysis of crane wheel-rail system is carried out, and the stress distribution under different loads is obtained, and the calculation results of the two models are compared and analyzed. 3) the small wheel pressure is simplified into concentrated load on the bridge frame in two different ways, and the stress distribution of the bridge frame under these two wheel compression modes is analyzed. 4) establishing the contact pair between the wheel and the track of the vehicle, and obtaining the stress distribution of the bridge when the small wheel is pressed through the contact mode and transferred to the bridge frame; 5) the stress characteristics of the bridge structure under three different loading modes are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH215

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