基于PLC和 WinCC的塔机智能监控管理系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 09:21

本文关键词： 塔式起重机智能监控数据采集 PLC WinCC　出处：《山东建筑大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：塔式起重机(塔机)是一种重要的物料运输机械,它具有加快施工进度、减轻劳动强度、节省人力、降低工程造价等优点,在现代建筑施工场所中获得了广泛的应用。但是,在为建筑施工带来方便的同时,塔机的安全事故也随之增多,由此引发的人员伤亡和设备损坏时有发生,给人民的生命财产安全造成了巨大的损失。因此,利用现代计算机技术、控制技术提高塔机的工作效率、尽量避免塔机事故的发生具有非常重要的意义。针对这一问题,本文设计了用于在线监测的塔机智能监控管理系统。在分析了现有方案的基础上确定了以PLC和WinCC为基础的塔机监控方案,PLC作为下位机用来接收处理传感器传送的信息,利用WinCC来组态上位机监控界面,用来显示塔机的各个运行参数。本文完成了塔式起重机监控系统的分析与研究、数据采集单元的设计、PLC硬件设计及软件编程、PLC与上位机通讯、上位机监控界面组态等工作。系统中采用旋转编码器、拉力传感器及倾角传感器来采集塔机运行参数,使数据测量更加准确。利用PLC实现塔机电气控制,完成传感器采集信息的处理。PLC处理过的数据通过USB/PPI电缆传送到上位机中,以OPC方式实现PLC与上位机之间的数据交换,包括OPC服务器与PLC通讯及OPC服务器与WinCC通讯两方面。利用WinCC组态软件组态的上位机监控界面实现了塔机的实时运行状态、运行参数显示、进行系统参数设置等功能,对塔机的超重、超力矩、倾角过大进行报警,并且添加了防碰撞自学习功能,有效地避免了塔机碰撞事故的发生。实验表明,该监控系统能够完成塔机运行参数实时显示、系统报警等功能,完成了最初的设计要求,具有一定的实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:Tower crane (tower crane) is an important material transportation machinery, which has the advantages of speeding up construction progress, reducing labor intensity, saving manpower and reducing project cost. It has been widely used in modern construction sites. However, with the convenience of building construction, the safety accidents of tower cranes also increase, resulting in casualties and equipment damage from time to time. Therefore, it is of great significance to use modern computer technology and control technology to improve the working efficiency of tower crane and avoid the accident of tower crane as far as possible. In order to solve this problem, this paper designs a tower crane intelligent monitoring and management system for on-line monitoring. Based on the analysis of the existing schemes, the tower crane monitoring scheme based on PLC and WinCC is determined. PLC is used as the lower computer to receive and process the information transmitted by the sensor, and WinCC is used to configure the monitor interface of the upper computer to display the operation parameters of the tower crane. In this paper, the analysis and research of tower crane monitoring system, the design of data acquisition unit, the hardware design of PLC and the communication between PLC and PC are completed. In the system, rotary encoder, pull force sensor and inclination sensor are used to collect the parameters of tower crane operation, so that the data measurement is more accurate. The electric control of tower crane is realized by PLC. The data processed by the sensor is transmitted to the host computer by USB/PPI cable, and the data exchange between PLC and the host computer is realized by means of OPC. Including OPC server and PLC communication and OPC server and WinCC communication, the real-time running state of tower crane is realized by using the monitor interface of upper computer configured by WinCC configuration software. The operation parameters show that the system parameters are set, the overweight, overtorque and inclination of the tower crane are alerted, and the anti-collision self-learning function is added, which effectively avoids the collision accident of the tower crane. The experimental results show that the system can display the operation parameters of tower crane in real time and alarm system. The system has completed the initial design requirements and has certain practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP277;TH213.3

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