钢在干摩擦条件下的摩擦学特性及自润滑研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 21:55

本文关键词： 干摩擦热处理自润滑摩擦性能指标　出处：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在许多极为苛刻的条件下,运动部件难以采用常规的油脂润滑,如处于尘土泥沙、潮湿等恶劣环境的采矿机械的传动件,处于海水和酸等腐蚀介质下的船舶机械的传动件,所以这些传动件通常在干摩擦条件下工作。因此对材料在干摩擦条件下的摩擦学特性的研究十分必要。而热处理组织对其摩擦磨损性能有着极大的影响,由于试样的强度和硬度较低,试验时产生严重的粘着磨损甚至胶合现象,因此采取的是承重圆环内表面与旋转轴配合的摩擦试验方法。本实验对圆环(ZG25MnCrNiMo钢)进行淬火处理,分别与淬火、调质和退火的转轴(40Mn2钢)进行配对实验,三组试验中对圆环的影响均不大,而淬火、调质、退火转轴的磨损量依次增高。当对圆环进行调质处理,对转轴进行淬火、调质和退火处理,结果进行退火处理的转轴对圆环、转轴磨损量的影响都远大于调质和淬火转轴,而进行调质和淬火的转轴对圆环、转轴磨损量的影响差距不大。最后对圆环进行局部淬火处理,分别对转轴进行调质和淬火处理,淬火转轴比调质转轴对圆环的磨损量高,而调质处理后对转轴的磨损量要略高于淬火处理后对转轴的磨损量。得出通过改变热处理工艺(主要改变了其硬度),对圆环和轴的磨损量有了显著影响的结论。此外,对钢基体镶嵌固体润滑剂PTFE与未镶嵌固体润滑剂的钢基体进行摩擦磨损性能比较研究,镶嵌了PTFE的金属基体比未镶嵌的金属基体摩擦系数稳定,且摩擦系数较低约为0.45,摩擦系数随着固体润滑剂嵌入量的增大而减小从0.45降低到0.35,未镶嵌固体润滑剂的摩擦系数稳定在0.9。随着载荷的增加,固体润滑剂形成的润滑膜逐步被破坏,摩擦系数开始增大,但仍小于未镶嵌固体润滑剂的摩擦系数,在未镶嵌固体润滑剂的金属基体中摩擦系数不能趋于一个稳定值。随着速度的增大,富集在表面的固体润滑剂更加均匀,更容易形成润滑膜,降低了磨损量。但速度仍不宜过大,避免破坏摩擦表面固体润滑膜的完整性。因此,正确的采用镶嵌式自润滑复合材料对改变摩擦学性能有着重要的作用。
[Abstract]:In many extremely harsh conditions, it is difficult to use conventional grease lubrication for moving parts, such as driving parts of mining machinery in harsh environment, such as dust and silt, humidity and so on. The transmission of a ship's machinery in corrosive media such as sea water and acid. Therefore, it is necessary to study the tribological properties of materials under dry friction conditions, and the heat treatment structure has a great influence on the friction and wear properties. Due to the low strength and hardness of the specimen, serious adhesion wear and even adhesion phenomenon occur during the test. Therefore, the friction test method of the inner surface of the bearing ring and the rotation shaft is adopted. In this experiment, the ring ZG25MnCrNiMo steel was quenched and matched with the quenched, quenched and annealed rotating shaft steel 40Mn2. In the three groups of tests, the ring has little effect on the ring, but the wear amount of quenching, tempering and annealing rotation shaft increases in turn. When the ring is tempered, the rotation shaft is quenched, tempered and annealed. Results the effect of the rotation axis after annealing on the ring and the wear of the shaft is much greater than that of the quenched shaft and the quenched shaft, but the rotation shaft pair of the ring is tempered and quenched. Finally, the ring is treated by local quenching, quenching and quenching respectively. The quenching shaft is higher than the quenched shaft to the ring wear. The wear amount of the shaft after tempering treatment is slightly higher than that of the shaft after quenching treatment. It is concluded that the hardness of the shaft is changed by changing the heat treatment process. The results show that the wear rate of rings and shafts is significantly affected. In addition, the friction and wear properties of steel substrate embedded with solid lubricant PTFE and those without solid lubricant were compared. The friction coefficient of the metal matrix embedded with PTFE is stable than that of the unembedded metal matrix, and the friction coefficient is about 0.45. The friction coefficient decreases from 0.45 to 0.35 with the increase of solid lubricant intercalation, and the friction coefficient of unembedded solid lubricant is stable at 0.9. with the increase of load. The lubricating film formed by solid lubricant was destroyed gradually, and the friction coefficient began to increase, but still less than the friction coefficient of unembedded solid lubricant. The friction coefficient in the metal substrate without solid lubricant can not reach a stable value. With the increase of the velocity, the solid lubricant enriched on the surface becomes more uniform, and the lubricating film is more easily formed. The wear amount is reduced, but the velocity is not too large to avoid destroying the integrity of the solid lubricating film on the friction surface. Therefore, the correct use of the mosaic self-lubricating composite plays an important role in changing the tribological properties.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH117.1

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