高压高速轴向柱塞泵滑靴性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 23:32

  本文关键词： 轴向柱塞泵 滑靴 静压支承 液阻 压力场特性 自适应性 组合油腔 工作性能　出处：《北京理工大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以斜盘型轴向柱塞泵滑靴为研究对象，以提高轴向柱塞泵工作性能为目标，对轴向柱塞泵滑靴工作性能进行理论计算和结构改进优化研究。在普通结构滑靴底面增设微米级深度的中心浅油腔，以改善润滑油膜特性，从而达到提高滑靴工作性能的目的。对比普通结构滑靴，研究了组合腔静压支承滑靴润滑特性和静压支承自适应性，并对其结构参数进行优化。 对流场有限体积数值计算求解经典线性插值计算方法核心计算思想进行剖析，从液压液阻基本原理角度，阐述了经典线性插值计算方法中流量计算模型数学形式上与平行间隙阻尼压差流量特性的一致性；基于平行壁面间隙和倾斜壁面间隙液阻模型，提出了倾壁面液阻等效高度；从滑靴工作实际出发，根据倾斜壁面间隙阻尼压差流量特性，运用等效液阻高度构建了任意姿态壁面间隙压差流量特性，基于WENO重构建立了任意姿态滑靴润滑流体微元的流量模型，对有限体积法差值计算方法进行改进。将“重构”方法对普通结构滑靴润滑油膜压力分布计算结果与插值计算方法计算结果比较，验证了该方法的有效性，并就油膜挤压效应、供油压力、滑靴姿态对压力分布影响进行了详细分析，结果表明：供油压力对静压影响较大，动压压力分布受挤压效应、滑靴姿态影响显著。 结合阻尼小孔压差流量模型和任意姿态滑靴压力分布有限体积法“重构”计算模型，建立了基于流量守恒原理的滑靴静压支承自适应性分析模型，通过实时求解中心油腔压力对滑靴自适应性进行研究。运用该模型研究了无量纲中心油腔压力随中心膜厚、阻尼孔直径、供油压力、介质粘度、滑靴倾斜和泵转速各影响因素的变化规律。为全面揭示滑靴润滑内在规律，根据滑靴实际受力情况，建立了滑靴动力学平衡模型，对滑靴周期动态润滑特性进行计算研究。研究表明：流量守恒原理是静压支承自适应性的核心规律，通过中心油腔压力实时变化实现进口阻尼两端压差改变，对流量进行实时调节，保证支撑反力和负载力之间的动态平衡，静压支承系统设计主要是静压支承自适应性设计，中心油腔压力变化范围及敏感性是静压支承自适应性的重要设计依据和评价标准。 对以往滑靴结构改进研究成果进行分析，基于滑靴动静压混合作用机理，结合轴向柱塞泵滑靴工作实际，提出了组合油腔静压支承结构滑靴。运用有限体积“重构”计算方法、自适应性研究方法对组合腔滑靴润滑特性特性和自适应性进行研究，并对组合腔滑靴动态润滑特性和自适应性进行计算研究。结果表明：组合腔滑靴不但改善了高速工况下的润滑特性，而且提高了滑靴在低速工况下的动压产生能力，提高了滑靴的工作性能和静压支承自适应性。 最后对浅油腔的深度和半径对组合腔滑靴润滑油膜动压力的影响进行分析，将中心深油腔半径、浅油腔半径和滑靴外半径确定为基本参数，为便于优化算法参数范围设置方便，以中心深油腔半径、深浅油腔半径差以及滑靴外半径和中心浅油腔半径差为优化参数，以动力学平衡为约束条件，以滑靴总功率损失为目标函数，，运用标准粒子群优化算法对组合腔滑靴几何参数进行系统优化。。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the swash plate axial piston pump slipper as the research object, in order to improve the performance of axial piston pump as the goal, the axial piston pump slipper performance is optimized on the theoretical calculation and structure. In the general structure of sliding center of shallow oil cavity bottom added boots micron depth, in order to improve the properties of oil film lubrication thus, to improve the working performance of the slipper. In contrast to the common structure of slipper, the combined cavity slipper hydrostatic bearing lubrication characteristics and self adaptability, and the structure parameters are optimized.
The numerical calculation of finite volume of classical linear interpolation method to calculate the core idea to analyze, from the perspective of the basic principle of hydraulic fluid resistance, calculation model consistency mathematical form and parallel gap damping differential pressure flow characteristics of the flow calculation method described in classical linear interpolation; parallel model of clearance on the wall and inclined wall clearance stop, put forward inclined wall liquid resistance equivalent height; slipper from practical work, according to the inclined wall gap damping pressure flow characteristics, using the equivalent height of liquid resistance builds wall clearance arbitrary pose differential pressure flow characteristics, the flow model of arbitrary attitude slipper lubrication fluid element based on WENO reconstruction calculation the method of the finite volume method was improved. The difference between the "Reconstruction" method of calculation for the calculation results and the interpolation of common structure of slipper lubricating oil film pressure calculation. The effectiveness of the method is verified by comparing the results. The influence of oil squeeze effect, oil supply pressure and slipper posture on the pressure distribution is analyzed in detail. The results show that the oil pressure has great influence on the static pressure, and the distribution of the dynamic pressure and pressure is affected by the extrusion effect and the influence of the slipper posture is remarkable.
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