液压平衡阀动态特性的数值解析

发布时间：2018-02-02 12:22

本文关键词： 板式平衡阀螺纹插装式平衡阀阀口面积流场仿真动态特性　出处：《兰州理工大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：液压平衡阀是平衡回路中的关键元件,在现代工程机械尤其是在起重机械中应用广泛。起重设备中的提升、变幅及伸缩等机构在下降时,在运动方向与负载作用方向相同的情况下,必须在回油处设置平衡阀,用以平衡负载,保证执行元件平稳运行,从而提高液压系统的稳定性。平衡阀对液压平衡回路系统整体的工作平稳性、可靠性和系统效率有重要的影响。本文采用了理论分析和数值模拟相结合的研究方法,对板式平衡阀和螺纹插装式平衡阀的工作原理、阀口面积计算、内部流场及动态特性进行分析比较与计算,研究主要参数对其性能的影响,为高性能平衡阀设计提供依据。主要内容如下: 第1章,阐述了本课题研究的背景和意义;概述了液压平衡阀的研究现状和存在的问题;概括了本文的主要研究内容。第2章,介绍几种常用的液压平衡阀的工作原理、结构特点及存在的问题,并对板式平衡阀和螺纹插装式平衡阀做了分析比较。第3章,对板式平衡阀和螺纹插装式平衡阀的阀口面积进行了数值解析,得到这平衡阀阀口面积的曲线;利用Fluent软件对板式平衡阀和螺纹插装式平衡阀的内部流场进行了数值解析,得到平衡阀在不同阀口开度下的压力、流速分布情况,并对数值计算结果进行了分析比较。第4章,运用AMESim软件建立带有板式平衡阀的液压平衡回路的AMESim仿真模型,得到板式平衡阀在各种工况下的动态响应曲线。仿真分析了油缸负重和平衡阀内阻尼孔、主阀芯节流槽类型、弹簧刚度主要参数对平衡阀及其回路动态特性的影响。结果表明油缸负重、平衡阀内阻尼孔和节流槽类型对活塞杆下行运动的速度平稳性具有重要影响。第5章,建立了带有螺纹插装式平衡阀的液压平衡回路的AMESim仿真模型,仿真分析了油缸负重和平衡阀内阻尼孔、阀口锥角、弹簧刚度等主要参数对平衡阀及其回路动态特性的影响。结果表明油缸负重、平衡阀内阻尼孔和阀口锥角等对油缸下行运动的速度平稳性产生重要影响,本研究为螺纹插装式平衡阀的设计及平衡回路参数匹配提供了指导。并与第四章中影响板式平衡阀动态特性参数进行分析及比较,得出两者在影响平衡阀结构及平衡阀回路系统性能的区别。最后,对本论文的研究工作和成果进行了总结,展望了下一步的研究工作。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic balancing valve is the key element in the balance circuit. It is widely used in modern construction machinery, especially in lifting machinery. When the movement direction is the same as the load direction, the balancing valve must be set at the return oil to balance the load and ensure the smooth operation of the actuator. In order to improve the stability of the hydraulic system, the balance valve for the hydraulic balance loop system as a whole work smoothly. Reliability and system efficiency have important influence. In this paper, the working principle of plate balance valve and threaded plug balance valve and the calculation of valve opening area are studied by combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The internal flow field and dynamic characteristics are analyzed and calculated, and the influence of main parameters on the performance of the valve is studied, which provides the basis for the design of high performance balance valve. The main contents are as follows: In the first chapter, the background and significance of the research are described, the research status and existing problems of hydraulic balancing valve are summarized, and the main research contents of this paper are summarized. In chapter 2, the working principle, structural characteristics and existing problems of several kinds of hydraulic balancing valves are introduced, and the balance valves of plate type and threaded plug type are analyzed and compared. In chapter 3, the numerical analysis of the orifice area of the plate balance valve and the threaded plug balance valve is carried out, and the curve of the balance valve opening area is obtained. The internal flow field of plate balance valve and threaded plug balanced valve was analyzed by Fluent software, and the pressure and velocity distribution of the balance valve under different opening degrees were obtained. The numerical results are analyzed and compared. In chapter 4, the AMESim simulation model of hydraulic balancing circuit with plate balance valve is established by using AMESim software. The dynamic response curves of the plate balance valve under various working conditions were obtained. The cylinder load and damping hole in the balance valve and the main valve core throttling slot type were simulated. The main parameters of spring stiffness affect the dynamic characteristics of the balancing valve and its loop. The results show that the load of the cylinder, the damping hole in the balance valve and the type of throttling slot have an important influence on the speed and smoothness of the piston rod moving down. In chapter 5, the AMESim simulation model of hydraulic balancing circuit with threaded insert balancing valve is established, and the cylinder load and damping hole and valve orifice cone angle are simulated and analyzed. The influence of spring stiffness and other main parameters on the dynamic characteristics of the balancing valve and its loop. The results show that the load of the cylinder, the damping hole in the balance valve and the cone angle of the valve mouth have an important effect on the smoothness of the downward motion of the cylinder. This study provides guidance for the design of threaded insert balance valve and the matching of balance circuit parameters. It is also analyzed and compared with the dynamic characteristic parameters of the plate balance valve in Chapter 4th. The difference of the balance valve structure and the performance of the balance valve loop system is obtained. Finally, the research work and results of this paper are summarized, and the next research work is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137.52

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