一种气液联合式破碎锤工作性能的建模与仿真研究

发布时间：2018-02-05 04:31

本文关键词： 气液联合式破碎锤数学模型过流面积仿真分析工作性能　出处：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气液联合式破碎锤是一种高效率的液压碎石机械,它以结构紧凑、能量密度高、适应性强和可靠性高等特点在破碎机械中占据重要地位。气液联合式冲击器是该类破碎锤的核心工作机构,其运动特性和工作性能对破碎效率的影响很大。本文以山河智能SWHB系列气液联合式破碎锤为研究对象,对该类破碎锤的数学模型、仿真模型和运动特性进行较为深入和细致的研究,主要工作如下：运用液压冲击机构的设计理论对气液联合式破碎锤进行运动特性分析,得到了各运动件的运动学方程；提出一种利用液压容腔的分析方法对活塞前、后腔和配流阀高压腔进行分状态研究,建立了相应的数学模型。根据气液联合式破碎锤的工作特性,得到建立模型的原则和方法。分析液压冲击器的内部结构和运动特性,提出利用计算过流面积的方法,结合该类破碎锤的实际工况,利用AMESim软件搭建了破碎锤的仿真模型。以SWHB58气液联合式破碎锤为实验对象,利用气压法进行了实验测试,将实验结果与仿真结果对比分析,验证了模型的真实性和准确性。在此基础上,分别改变初始充气压力和输入流量,利用模型进行仿真,得到了冲击性能的曲线,研究了初始充气压力和输入流量对该类破碎锤工作性能的影响。论文同时还针对不同活塞质量和前腔液压油作用面积、配流阀正负开口形式以及蓄能器和氮气室容积大小等进行了研究,探讨了关键结构参数对工作性能的影响规律。本文的研究方法为深入分析破碎锤的运行规律提供了一种新的思路,研究结果对破碎锤的设计与生产具有一定的实用价值和理论指导意义。
[Abstract]:The gas-liquid combined crushing hammer is a kind of high efficiency hydraulic crushed stone machinery, which is compact in structure and high in energy density. The characteristics of high adaptability and high reliability occupy an important position in the crushing machinery. The gas-liquid combined impactor is the core working mechanism of this kind of crushing hammer. The movement characteristics and working performance of the hammer have great influence on the crushing efficiency. In this paper, the mathematical model of this kind of hammer is studied by taking the intelligent SWHB series of gas-liquid combined crushing hammer as the research object. The simulation model and motion characteristics are studied deeply and meticulously. The main work is as follows: Based on the design theory of hydraulic impact mechanism, the motion characteristics of gas-liquid combined crushing hammer are analyzed, and the kinematics equations of each moving part are obtained. In this paper, a method of analyzing hydraulic chamber is put forward to study the state of piston front, back cavity and high pressure chamber of distribution valve, and the corresponding mathematical model is established. According to the working characteristics of gas-liquid combined crushing hammer, the principle and method of establishing model are obtained. The internal structure and motion characteristics of hydraulic impactor are analyzed, and the method of calculating overcurrent area is put forward. According to the actual working conditions of this kind of hammer, the simulation model of the hammer is built by using AMESim software. Taking the SWHB58 gas-liquid combined crushing hammer as the experimental object, the experimental results are compared with the simulation results by using the air pressure method to verify the authenticity and accuracy of the model. The initial inflatable pressure and the input flow are changed, and the impact performance curves are obtained by simulation using the model. The effects of initial gas pressure and input flow rate on the working performance of this kind of hammer are studied. At the same time, different piston mass and working area of front chamber hydraulic oil are also studied. The positive and negative opening form of flow distribution valve and the volume size of accumulator and nitrogen chamber were studied, and the influence of key structural parameters on the working performance was discussed. The research method in this paper provides a new way of thinking for analyzing the running rule of crushing hammer, and the research results have certain practical value and theoretical guiding significance for the design and production of crushing hammer.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH69

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