基于ANSYS与FLUENT软件的液粘调速离合器传动轴结构设计分析

发布时间：2018-02-10 18:49

本文关键词： HVD 传动轴有限元分析 ANSYS 有限体积法 FLUENT 数值模拟　出处：《山东科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：液体粘性传动装置(Hydro Viscous Drive,简称HVD)是集机电液一体化技术的可控软起动装置,是低速重载设备实现无级调速的理想设备。近年来,在矿业装备、港口机械、物料输送、流体机械等重型、大功率设备上得到广泛应用,取得了显著的节能效果。液粘调速离合器输入轴和输出轴用于承担传递扭矩,作为润滑油与控制油输送载体,其轴向与径向均设计有油孔,结构较为复杂。由于应力应变多产生在受力较为集中的薄弱截面,容易导致机械零件疲劳破坏；另一方面,密封沟槽的应力应变同样较为集中,因此输入输出轴的结构及其工艺设计优劣对该轴的机械动力学、密封性能具有重要的影响。随着计算机技术的快速发展,现代机械设计理论也得到广泛的应用。基于有限元理论对重要零件关键部位的计算机辅助计算与性能分析,近年来越来越受到科技界的重视,已经逐渐发展成现代设计方法的一种趋势。液体粘性调速装置的输入轴和输出轴承受载荷状况复杂,机械动力与密封性能要求高,用有限元法对传动轴进行综合分析,与传统力学分析方法相比,能够从微观上更加全面准确把握轴的实际受力情况,对提高装置的综合性能,具有一定的学术价值与工程实践指导意义。本文以250-1500型液粘调速离合器为研究对象,在传统理论力学的基础上,建立输入轴与输出轴的力学模型,对其关键部分进行弯矩和扭矩的强度校核,然后通过ANSYS软件对轴进行分析,进一步论证了二者的最大弯矩、扭矩以及危险截面。选用三维造型软件Pro/E建立传动轴的实体模型,通过与ANSYS软件的数据接口连接导入后将实体模型转换为有限元模型,选定模型的单元类型、材料属性,然后对模型进行网格划分,定义边界条件后进行求解。通过对软件得出的计算结果进行分析,对输入、输出轴上的应力及应变以及两轴上的危险剖面及其危险点有更加完整、更加详细、更加准确的把握,为进一步对输出轴密封性进行数值模拟奠定基础。基于有限体积法,用FLUENT软件对输出轴上的密封薄弱环节进行了数值模拟和流体动力学分析,得到了速度场、压力场、密度场以及出口流量的分布规律,并对可能引起泄漏量的参数进行了分析,重点分析了控制压力、密封间隙、密封腔深度等结构几何参数变化可能对泄漏量与密封性能产生的影响,为输出轴密封性能的优化提供一定的理论指导依据。本文以液体粘性调速离合器输入轴、输出轴为对象,进行了传统力学强度校核与关键截面分析。首次全面运用传统力学、有限元法和有限体积法分析理论对输入轴和输出轴进行总体结构强度、密封性能方面的研究,获得诸多应力、应变、危险截面以及密封流场的相关变化规律。为更加合理设计两轴机械结构、合理科学制定制造工艺奠定了理论指导依据。
[Abstract]:Hydro Viscous driver is a controllable soft starting device with electromechanical and hydraulic integration technology. It is an ideal equipment for realizing stepless speed regulation with low speed and heavy load equipment. In recent years, in mining equipment, port machinery, material transportation, Fluid machinery and other heavy-duty, high-power equipment have been widely used, and achieved remarkable energy-saving effect. The input shaft and output shaft of the liquid-viscosity speed regulating clutch are used to carry the transmission torque, which is used as the carrier of lubricating oil and control oil transportation. Oil holes are designed in both axial and radial directions, and the structure is more complicated. Because the stress and strain are mostly produced in the weak section where the stress is concentrated, it is easy to cause fatigue failure of mechanical parts. On the other hand, the stress and strain of the sealing groove are also concentrated. Therefore, the structure of the input-output shaft and its technological design have an important influence on the mechanical dynamics and sealing performance of the shaft. With the rapid development of computer technology, modern mechanical design theory has been widely used. In recent years, computer aided calculation and performance analysis of key parts based on finite element theory have been paid more and more attention by scientific and technological circles. It has gradually developed into a trend of modern design method. The input shaft and output shaft of the liquid viscous speed regulating device are subjected to complex load conditions, and the mechanical power and sealing performance are high. The finite element method is used to analyze the drive shaft synthetically. Compared with the traditional mechanical analysis method, it can grasp the actual force situation of the shaft more comprehensively and accurately from the microscopic point of view, and has certain academic value and engineering practice guiding significance to improve the comprehensive performance of the device. Taking the 250-1500 liquid-viscosity speed regulating clutch as the research object, the mechanical model of the input shaft and the output shaft is established on the basis of the traditional theoretical mechanics, and the strength of the key parts of the clutch is checked with the bending moment and torque. Then, the maximum bending moment, torque and dangerous cross section of the two shafts are analyzed by ANSYS software. The solid model of the drive shaft is established by using the 3D modeling software Pro/E. The entity model is transformed into the finite element model after being imported through the data interface of the ANSYS software. The element type and material properties of the model are selected. Then the model is meshed, the boundary conditions are defined and solved. By analyzing the calculation results obtained by the software, the stress and strain on the input and output axes and the dangerous sections on the two axes and their dangerous points are more complete. A more detailed and accurate grasp of the output shaft seal for further numerical simulation laid the foundation. Based on the finite volume method, a numerical simulation and hydrodynamic analysis of the sealing weakness on the output shaft is carried out by using FLUENT software. The distribution of velocity field, pressure field, density field and outlet flow rate are obtained. The parameters that may cause leakage are analyzed, and the influence of structural geometric parameters, such as control pressure, seal clearance and seal cavity depth, on leakage and seal performance is analyzed. It provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of the seal performance of the output shaft. In this paper, the input shaft and output shaft of the fluid viscous speed regulating clutch are taken as the objects, the traditional mechanical strength checking and the key section analysis are carried out, and the traditional mechanics is used comprehensively for the first time. Finite element method (FEM) and finite volume method (FEM) are used to study the overall structural strength and sealing performance of the input shaft and the output shaft, and a great deal of stress and strain are obtained. The change law of dangerous section and sealing flow field lays a theoretical basis for more rational design of two-axis mechanical structure and rational and scientific formulation of manufacturing technology.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.4

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