连续运输机皮带故障产生机理及对策

发布时间：2018-02-16 09:05

本文关键词： 皮带运输机皮带跑偏纠偏方法滚筒变频电机　出处：《武汉科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：皮带运输机是连续运输传送机械中的一种主要设备,应用行业非常广泛,同时也普遍存在着一些问题,这些问题影响着设备运行寿命、设备工作效率甚至造成安全隐患。譬如皮带跑偏,皮带跑偏会导致皮带侧边加速磨损,甚至造成整条皮带断裂,因此如何解决“跑偏”问题从而让皮带运输机高效安全地运行至关重要。本次毕业论文是针对皮带运输机在运行过程中出现的跑偏现象而进行的研究探讨。本文首先简要分析了皮带运输机中存在的跑偏现象、跑偏原因及跑偏所造成的影响,接着对皮带运输机的概况及国内外皮带运输机的发展状况进行了概述,并解析比较了国内与国外皮带运输机技术性能上的差距。然后较为详细地从多个角度分析了皮带之所以发生跑偏的原因。皮带跑偏的原因多种多样,但最根本的原因在于驱动滚筒及张紧滚筒之间皮带两侧张力不均匀,使得皮带两侧对滚筒的压力不一致。根据跑偏原因本文提出一些改进的措施与方法,最后分别从小型皮带运输机和大型皮带运输机两个方面着手进行纠偏分析。小型皮带运输机承载小,运输距离短,纠偏方法较为简单,主要从力学的角度上进行纠偏分析。譬如,设计鼓形滚筒,使滚筒对皮带保持一定的自动对中性能；滚筒两侧安装随动式斜坡挡板,可对皮带产生较为明显的对中力,这些方法能够有效地防止小型皮带运输机上的皮带“跑偏”。而大型皮带运输机负载大,运输距离长,且运行速度快,纠偏方法较为复杂困难,主要采用电子纠偏方式。本文通过在驱动滚筒一侧安装变频电机来改变电机转速,控制驱动滚筒的转速,从而达到自动纠偏的目的。通过采取这些措施,能够很好地起到预防纠正皮带跑偏的作用,更有效地提高了皮带运输机的工作效率,同时保证了皮带运输机的安全运行。
[Abstract]:Belt conveyer is one of the main equipment in continuous transportation and conveyance machinery. It is widely used in many fields, and there are also some problems, which affect the service life of the equipment. The working efficiency of the equipment may even cause safety problems. For example, the belt deviation will lead to accelerated wear and tear on the side of the belt, and even cause the whole belt to break. Therefore, how to solve the problem of "running deviation" so as to make the belt conveyor run efficiently and safely is very important. This thesis is a study on the phenomenon of running deviation of belt conveyor in the course of operation. Firstly, the phenomenon of running deviation in belt conveyer is analyzed briefly. Secondly, the general situation of belt conveyor and the development of belt conveyor at home and abroad are summarized. The differences between domestic and foreign belt conveyors in technical performance are analyzed and compared. Then, the causes of belt deviation are analyzed in detail from several angles. There are many reasons for belt deviation. However, the most fundamental reason is that the tension on both sides of the belt is not uniform between the driving drum and the tensioning drum, which makes the pressure on both sides of the belt inconsistent. According to the reasons of running deviation, this paper puts forward some improved measures and methods. Finally, the deviation correction analysis is carried out from two aspects of small belt conveyor and large belt conveyor. The small belt conveyer has small load, short transportation distance, and the method of rectifying deviation is relatively simple. For example, the drum drum is designed to maintain a certain automatic alignment performance to the belt, and the following slope baffles are installed on both sides of the drum, which can produce obvious counterforce on the belt. These methods can effectively prevent the belt "deviation" on the small belt conveyer. However, the large belt conveyer has the advantages of large load, long distance and high speed, so it is difficult to correct the deviation. In this paper, the frequency conversion motor is installed on the side of the driving drum to change the motor speed and control the rotational speed of the driving drum, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic correction. It can prevent and correct belt deviation, improve the efficiency of belt conveyor, and ensure the safe operation of belt conveyor.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH222

【引证文献】