织构化配流副摩擦润滑特性的理论与试验研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 20:31

本文关键词： 轴向柱塞泵配流副织构化泄漏量摩擦磨损动态特性支撑力　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：配流副是轴向柱塞泵的关键零部件，同时也是其它采用端面配流方式的液压动力元件和执行元件普遍采用的配流方式，如叶片泵、轴向柱塞马达等。随着液压传动技术向着高速、高压方向发展，对配流副的工作性能和使用寿命提出了更高的要求。而表面织构技术因其能提高摩擦副间油膜支撑力、降低摩擦磨损、改善润滑性能而成为摩擦学的一大研究热点，表面织构在机械密封、发动机活塞环、计算机硬盘等上的研究成果和成功应用为改善配流副的摩擦润滑性能提供了一种新的思路。为提高织构化配流副的摩擦学性能，并对配流副织构化参数的设计提供指导，本文从理论和试验两个方面对织构化配流副的摩擦润滑特性进行了系统的研究。在理论方面：建立了针对配流副结构特点和实际工况的润滑模型，分析了织构化参数，即微凹坑深度、直径及面积率对配流副间油膜支撑力的影响，为减摩和降低磨损提供依据。建立了考虑气穴影响的织构化配流副泄漏模型，寻求一种织构化配流副泄漏量的计算方法，同时也可供机械密封泄漏量的计算提供参考。建立了织构化配流副的动态模型，利用Matlab/Simulink进行了动态仿真，分析了织构化配流副间油膜厚度的变化规律。在试验方面：依据轴向柱塞泵配流副的工作原理，研制了一台织构化配流副摩擦磨损试验机。针对配流盘相对复杂的结构，对采用光刻电解技术加工微凹坑阵列的工艺和步骤进行了探索，并成功加工出质量较高的微凹坑阵列。依据理论分析的相关结论和实际情况，选择合适的配流副工况和织构化参数进行织构化配流副的试验研究。通过理论分析和试验研究，得出了如下结论。织构化配流副间油膜特性方面：织构化配流副能够提高摩擦副间的支撑力；最优面积率与微凹坑深度和油膜厚度的比值有关；较大微凹坑直径能提供较大的支撑力；在油膜厚度与微凹坑深度相等时有最大的支撑力，支撑力随油膜厚度减小而呈现出非线性增大的趋势。低压区织构化配流副的摩擦学研究方面：最优面积率受到多因素的影响，在相同条件下，面积率为10%和15%表现出最好的摩擦学性能。微凹坑直径为100μm时的摩擦学性能优于其它微凹坑直径，最大减摩率为37.35%。微凹坑深度为10μm时摩擦学性能较好，最大减摩率为27.98%。全织构化配流副的摩擦学研究方面：面积率为10%和15%时的摩擦学性能接近，微凹坑直径为200μm时，摩擦学性能较好。其减磨机理由织构的三个基本作用决定即容纳固体颗粒、产生动压效应和二次润滑。在织构化配流副泄漏量方面：微凹坑深度和面积率对泄漏量有较大影响，随着微凹坑深度的增加，泄漏量随之减小。在相同面积率和微凹坑深度时，泄漏量随微凹坑直径增大而增大。在织构化配流副的动态特性方面：织构化配流副能改善配流副的动态特性，与织构化导致油膜刚度的提高密切相关。在较小稳态油膜厚度时，织构化配流副在避免干摩擦上有较明显的优势。本文的研究结果表明织构化配流副能改善轴向柱塞泵的摩擦润滑性能，，也可供存在轴向不平衡力的液压零部件如齿轮泵轴套/壳体、配流轴的设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the development of hydraulic transmission technology in high speed and high pressure direction , the research results and successful application of surface texture in mechanical seal , engine piston ring , computer hard disk , etc . In this paper , a kind of lubrication model for distribution sub - structure and actual working condition is established . The influence of texture parameters , i.e . depth , diameter and area ratio of micro - pits , on the supporting force of oil film in the sub - flow is analyzed . On the basis of the working principle of axial plunger pump , a kind of friction and wear testing machine is developed , which is based on the principle of axial plunger pump . In view of the relatively complex structure of the distribution plate , the technology and steps for processing the micro - pit array by photolithography are explored , and the micro - pit array with high quality is successfully processed . According to the relevant conclusions and practical situation of the theoretical analysis , the experimental research on the texture distribution of the texturing flow is selected according to the relevant conclusion and actual situation of the theoretical analysis . Through theoretical analysis and experimental research , the following conclusions are drawn . in that aspect of the oil film property between the texture flow pairs , the texture distribution pair can improve the support force between the friction pairs ; the optimal area ratio is related to the ratio of the depth of the micro pits and the thickness of the oil film ; the diameter of the larger micro - pits can provide a large support force ; and when the thickness of the oil film is equal to the depth of the micro - pits , the maximum support force is provided , and the support force tends to be non - linear with the reduction of the thickness of the oil film . The tribological properties of the low - pressure zone - textured distribution pairs are as follows : the optimal area ratio is influenced by many factors . Under the same conditions , the area ratio is 10 % and 15 % shows the best tribological properties . The tribological properties of the micro - pits are better than those of other micro - pits , the maximum friction reducing rate is 37.35 % . The friction properties are good at the micro - pit depth of 10 渭m , and the maximum friction reducing rate is 27.98 % . The tribological properties of all - textured mixed - flow pairs are close to the tribological properties when the area ratio is 10 % and 15 % , and the tribological properties are good when the micro - dimple diameter is 200 渭m . The three basic functions of the reason texture of the mill are to contain solid particles , produce dynamic pressure effect and secondary lubrication . In terms of the leakage amount of textured distribution , the micro - dimple depth and area ratio have a great influence on the leakage amount . As the depth of the dimple increases , the leakage amount decreases . At the same area ratio and the dimple depth , the leakage amount increases with the diameter of the dimple . In the aspect of the dynamic characteristics of the texturing flow pairs , the dynamic characteristics of the flow pairs can be improved by the textured distribution pair , which is closely related to the increase of the stiffness of the oil film due to the texture . The results of this paper show that the textured distribution pair can improve the friction lubrication performance of axial piston pump , and can also be used to provide reference for the design of hydraulic components such as gear pump shaft sleeve / shell and distribution shaft with axial unbalance force .

【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH117;TH137.5

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