低速冲击载荷下复合材料缠绕压力容器的损伤分析

发布时间：2018-02-27 10:37

本文关键词： 复合材料缠绕压力容器缠绕层损伤抗冲击性能跌落测试　出处：《大连理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：纤维增强复合材料因其强度和比刚度高,抗冲击性能好以及结构的可设计性强等诸多优点而被广泛应用于航空航天、压力容器、汽车零部件和体育用品等领域。复合材料缠绕压力容器作为工程中的一个重要结构,其安全运行状况关乎结构和大身财产安全。实验结果和使用经验表明,复合材料纤维缠绕结构在制造、存放、运输和使用过程中不可避免地受到外来物的低速冲击或意外高空跌落,这将会在结构内部产生一类不可目测的损伤,例如：基体开裂、纤维断裂和分层破坏等,都将导致结构承载能力与安全状态的下降。压力容器的低速冲击损伤不仅与材料性能有关,还与结构的冲击动态响应有关,以此,需要对压力容器在冲击载荷下的动态响应有更加深入的认识,并了解其影响因素。本文基于大型商用有限元计算软件MSC.SimXpert/MD Explicit的显式求解器功能,采用[Chang and Chang,1987]损伤准则对受低速冲击后的复合材料进行损伤判定,并进行相应的刚度折减,分析复合材料纤维缠绕压力容器在冲击载荷作用下的动态响应和损伤状况,同时定量分析了不同工作压力和冲击能量对复合材料缠绕压力容器抗冲击性能的影响,最后对压力容器不同部位的抗冲击敏感性进行了相应研究,并以此预测压力容器的缠绕层损伤特征和最不利的冲击位置。此外为更全面的模拟压力容器的使用状态,本文对压力容器进行了跌落测试,计算分析了压力容器高空跌落工程中的动态响应和缠绕层损伤情况。通过对复合材料缠绕压力容器进行冲击和跌落损伤的仿真预测,有效地支持了产品的结构设计和防护设计,从而最大限度的缩短新产品的开发周期和减小冲击损伤造成的人员财产损失。
[Abstract]:Fiber reinforced composites are widely used in aerospace and pressure vessels because of their high strength and specific stiffness, good impact resistance and structural design. As an important structure in engineering, the safety of composite wound pressure vessel is related to the safety of structure and large body property. Composite filament-wound structures are inevitably subjected to low-speed shocks or accidental high-altitude falls during manufacture, storage, transportation and use, which will cause a class of undetectable damage inside the structure, such as matrix cracking, The failure of fiber and delamination will lead to the decrease of structural bearing capacity and safety state. The low speed impact damage of pressure vessel is not only related to the material properties, but also to the dynamic response of the structure. It is necessary to understand the dynamic response of pressure vessel under impact load and its influencing factors. Based on the explicit solver function of MSC.SimXpert/MD Explicit, a commercial finite element calculation software, the damage criterion of [Chang and Changn1987] is used to determine the damage of composites subjected to low speed impact, and the stiffness is reduced accordingly. The dynamic response and damage of composite filament wound pressure vessel under impact load are analyzed. The effects of different working pressure and impact energy on the impact resistance of composite filament wound pressure vessel are analyzed. Finally, the impact sensitivity of different parts of the pressure vessel is studied, and the damage characteristics and the most unfavorable impact position of the winding layer of the pressure vessel are predicted. In addition, in order to simulate the use of the pressure vessel in a more comprehensive way, the damage characteristics of the winding layer and the most unfavorable impact position are predicted. In this paper, the drop test of the pressure vessel is carried out, and the dynamic response and the damage of the winding layer in the high altitude drop engineering of the pressure vessel are calculated and analyzed. The simulation prediction of the impact and drop damage of the composite wound pressure vessel is carried out. It effectively supports the structure design and protection design of the product, thus shortens the development cycle of the new product to the maximum extent and reduces the loss of human property caused by the impact damage.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH49

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