球式自动平衡装置在倍频激励下的动态特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 03:02

本文关键词： 球式自动平衡装置倍频激励数学模型计算机仿真实验验证　出处：《中南大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：回转机械是应用很广泛的一类机械。由于设备质量缺陷、维护不当,会引起回转机械的各类故障,振动是其主要表现形式。振动过大会影响旋转机械的稳定运行,甚至会引起设备破坏,造成重大的经济损失,有时会威胁到生产人员的人身安全。解决这一问题有效的办法就是对转子进行高精度的平衡。以往,几乎都是采用静平衡的方法。但是,这种方法工作量大,效率低,技巧性强。为了避免上述缺点,对于在过临界转速下工作的回转机械,人们开始采用被动式自动平衡装置进行动平衡。球式自动平衡装置就是其中一种。目前,无论是国内还是国外,对球式自动平衡装置的相关研究都只考虑了滚球对偏心质量引起振动的平衡作用。由偏心质量产生的惯性力是基频激励,实际上很多时候倍频激励也是引起机械振动的主要原因。因此,研究球式自动平衡装置在倍频激励下的动态特性有很重要的意义。本文针对研究球式自动平衡装置在倍频激励下的动态特性进行了理论、仿真和实验研究。本文的主要研究内容如下： 1.分析了倍频激励产生的原因和相应的振动特征,并对滚球转子进行了动力学分析。根据现有实验装置,应用拉格朗日方程推导了内装两个球的双自由度球式自动平衡装置在倍频激励作用下的数学模型。 2.基于Matlab软件,应用Runge-Kutta算法对在倍频激励下内装两球的双自由度球式自动平衡装置进行了参数化计算机仿真,分析了其动态特性。 3.设计和构建了相应的实验台,配置了相应的振动信号测试系统。通过实验和仿真的对比,验证了双球双自由度球式自动平衡装置在倍频激励作用下的动态特性。
[Abstract]:Rotating machinery is a kind of machinery which is widely used. Because of equipment quality defect and improper maintenance, it will cause various kinds of malfunctions of rotary machinery. Vibration is its main manifestation. Vibration over assembly affects the stable operation of rotating machinery. It can even cause equipment damage, cause heavy economic losses, and sometimes threaten the personal safety of production personnel. The effective way to solve this problem is to balance the rotor with high precision. In the past, Most of them are static balance methods. However, this method has the advantages of large workload, low efficiency and strong skill. In order to avoid the above disadvantages, the rotary machinery working at the supercritical speed, People began to use passive automatic balancing device, one of which is ball automatic balancing device. At present, both at home and abroad, the research on the ball automatic balancing device only considers the balance effect of the ball on the vibration caused by the eccentric mass. The inertial force generated by the eccentric mass is a fundamental frequency excitation. In fact, frequency-doubling excitation is also the main cause of mechanical vibration. It is of great significance to study the dynamic characteristics of spherical automatic balancing device under frequency doubling excitation. In this paper, the theoretical, simulation and experimental research on the dynamic characteristics of ball automatic balancing device under double frequency excitation is carried out. The main contents of this paper are as follows:. 1. The causes of the frequency doubling excitation and the corresponding vibration characteristics are analyzed, and the dynamic analysis of the ball rotor is carried out. The mathematical model of a double degree of freedom spherical automatic balancing device with two spheres is derived by using Lagrange equation under the action of frequency doubling excitation. 2. Based on Matlab software, the parameterized computer simulation of a two-degree-of-freedom spherical automatic balancing device with two balls under frequency doubling excitation is carried out by using Runge-Kutta algorithm, and its dynamic characteristics are analyzed. 3. The corresponding experimental platform is designed and constructed, and the corresponding vibration signal testing system is configured, and the dynamic characteristics of the double sphere double degree of freedom ball automatic balancing device under the action of frequency doubling excitation are verified by the comparison of experiment and simulation.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH113.25

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