轴承钢润滑添加剂分散系统及减磨作用的研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 21:11

本文选题：轴承钢　切入点：超声空化　出处：《北京交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：轴承润滑的目的主要是减小摩擦功耗、降低磨损率、冷却、防尘、防锈以及吸振,轴承常用的润滑材料是润滑油和润滑脂,随着对润滑要求的提高,目前润滑脂的应用越来越广泛。为提高润滑脂的性能,常常要往润滑脂里加入各种添加剂,添加剂是润滑脂的核心技术之一。随着固体添加剂的超细化发展,由于其表面张力大,在润滑脂生产过程中,容易产生聚集的问题。本论文用自行研制的超声波分散仪,对自制添加有MoS2超细颗粒的钙基润滑脂施加超声波进行超声分散工艺的优化,通过对机械搅拌、润滑脂稠化后的超声处理和润滑脂基础油阶段的超声处理三种分散工艺下的润滑脂图片对比,并进行对材料摩擦系数的测量和MOS2添加剂分散均匀性的表征,最终得出最佳工艺为润滑脂基础油阶段的超声分散。在最佳分散工艺下,分别测量不同超声波分散功率对钙基润滑脂性能的影响。通过对超声波不同功率分散后润滑脂结构的观察、材料摩擦系数的测量、润滑脂粘度的测量及MoS2添加剂分散均匀性的表征,得出结论：在不同的超声波分散功率作用下,摩擦系数随着超声波分散功率的增加而降低；超声波分散功率的变化不会对润滑脂粘度产生影响；MoS2添加剂在润滑脂中的分散均匀性随超声波功率的增加有明显提高。最后结合渗氮轴承钢材料进行磨损表面的观察和分析,在对渗氮轴承钢材料的磨斑情况分析中发现,摩擦形式主要为磨粒磨损,磨斑面积随超声波分散功率的增加呈现出递减的趋势,基体形貌由最初的条纹状分布发展到块状分布,并且面积也是越来越大。经过往复磨损实验发现：轴承钢材料的渗氮层没有被突破,整体元素的峰值变化不大,只是N元素含量有所降低。润滑脂的减损效果随超声波功率的增加有了明显的提高。实验数据表明：该分散工艺简单实用,固体添加剂MoS2在钙基润滑脂中的分散均匀性有明显提高,经过润滑脂基础油阶段的超声波处理后粘度不会发生变化。用于润滑渗氮轴承钢材料,其减磨减损性能有了较大的提高。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of bearing lubrication is to reduce friction power consumption, reduce wear rate, cooling, dust prevention, rust prevention and vibration absorption. The common lubricating materials for bearings are lubricating oil and grease, with the increase of lubrication requirements, At present, the application of grease is more and more extensive. In order to improve the performance of lubricating grease, it is often necessary to add a variety of additives to the grease, which is one of the core technologies of the grease. With the development of superfine solid additives, because of its large surface tension, in the process of grease production, The problem of gathering easily arises. In this paper, the ultrasonic dispersing process of calcium base grease added with MoS2 ultrafine particles was optimized by ultrasonic disperser, and the mechanical agitation was carried out. The pictures of lubricating grease after ultrasonic treatment and ultrasonic treatment in grease base oil stage were compared, and the friction coefficient of material was measured and the dispersion uniformity of MOS2 additive was characterized. Finally, the best process is ultrasonic dispersion of grease base oil. The effects of different ultrasonic dispersion power on the properties of calcium base grease were measured under the optimum dispersion technology. The friction coefficient of the material was measured by observing the structure of grease after the dispersion of different ultrasonic power. Measurement of grease viscosity and characterization of dispersion uniformity of MoS2 additive. It is concluded that the friction coefficient decreases with the increase of ultrasonic dispersion power under different ultrasonic dispersion power. The dispersion uniformity of MoS2 additive in grease increases with the increase of ultrasonic power. Finally, the wear surface of nitrided bearing steel is observed and analyzed. It is found that the main friction form is abrasive wear in the analysis of wear spot of nitriding bearing steel. With the increase of ultrasonic dispersion power, the wear spot area decreased, and the matrix morphology developed from the initial stripe distribution to the block distribution. Through the reciprocating wear experiments, it was found that the nitriding layer of the bearing steel material was not broken through, and the peak value of the whole element did not change much. However, the content of N element decreased, and the decreasing effect of grease increased with the increase of ultrasonic power. The experimental data show that the dispersing process is simple and practical, and the dispersion uniformity of solid additive MoS2 in calcium base grease is obviously improved. The viscosity will not change after ultrasonic treatment in the grease base oil stage, and the wear reduction and impairment performance of the material used for lubricating nitriding bearing steel has been greatly improved.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH117.2

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