冲击负载下气缸性能测试平台的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-03-08 03:20

本文选题：气缸　切入点：冲击负载　出处：《电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气缸作为气动系统中主要的执行元件，具有结构简单、制造成本低、可靠性高、运动速度可调等一系列优点，广泛应用于自动化生产线上，驱动工件的装卸、搬运、加紧、定位、进给等操作，实现生产的自动化。气缸驱动负载运动时，当气缸活塞运动速度很大或缓冲失效时，每次活塞运行到行程终端，都会对缸盖施加一个作用时间很短、绝对值很大的冲击力，这样的负载称为冲击负载。在气动自动化生产线上，为了提高生产效率、降低生产成本，大多数气缸的运行速度大、使用时间长，气缸所带的负载很多都是冲击负载。冲击负载下气缸性能的高低决定了气缸的使用寿命和使用场合，是工业生产中选择气缸的重要依据。所以设计一个试验平台，用以测试冲击负载下气缸的性能参数，研究各种因素对冲击负载下气缸性能的影响，就显得十分有意义。本文首先从气动技术的应用现状和发展趋势谈起，介绍了课题的来源和研究意义，明确了研究内容。接着介绍了试验气缸的结构，讨论了气缸的主要性能。然后重点研究了冲击负载下气缸的性能与参数，并对这些性能与参数的测量方法进行了研究。在进行具体的平台搭建前，首先对影响冲击负载下气缸性能的因素——负载、频率、供气压力进行了讨论，确定了试验方案。在这些准备工作完成后，进行了测试平台的硬件系统搭建，主要包括：气缸安装平台、气动回路、电气控制三大部分的设计和具体搭建。接着对测试平台的软件进行设计，主要包括PLC梯形图设计和人机界面的编程设计。同时对测试平台中最重要的测试元件之一的IL300高精度位移传感器的应用进行了研究。在平台硬件、软件系统设计搭建完成后，对测试平台进行了调试。设计出的冲击负载下气缸的性能测试平台能够稳定的运行，并准确测量所关心的性能与参数。最后，按照制定的试验方案，对冲击负载下气缸性能的具体测试步骤进行了介绍，列举出试验测试结果，分析试验数据，得出了试验结论。
[Abstract]:As the main actuator in pneumatic system, the cylinder has a series of advantages, such as simple structure, low manufacturing cost, high reliability, adjustable motion speed and so on. It is widely used in automatic production line, driving the loading and unloading of workpiece, handling, tightening, etc. Position, feed and other operations to achieve production automation. When the cylinder drives the load movement, when the cylinder piston moves very fast or the buffer fails, every time the piston runs to the stroke terminal, it exerts an impact force on the cylinder head which has a very short action time and a great absolute value. Such a load is called a shock load. In a pneumatic automation production line, in order to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs, most cylinders run faster and longer. Many of the loads brought by the cylinders are shock loads. The performance of the cylinders under the impact load determines the service life and use situation of the cylinders, and is an important basis for the selection of cylinders in industrial production. Therefore, a test platform is designed. It is of great significance to test the performance parameters of cylinder under impact load and to study the influence of various factors on the performance of cylinder under impact load. This paper begins with the application and development trend of pneumatic technology, introduces the source and significance of the subject, and clarifies the contents of the research, and then introduces the structure of the experimental cylinder. The main performance of the cylinder is discussed, and then the performance and parameters of the cylinder under impact load are studied, and the measurement methods of these properties and parameters are studied. Before the concrete platform is built, the factors that affect the cylinder performance under impact load are discussed, such as load, frequency, gas supply pressure, and the test scheme is determined. The hardware system of the test platform is built, which includes three parts: cylinder installation platform, pneumatic loop and electrical control. Then, the software of the test platform is designed. It mainly includes the design of PLC ladder diagram and the programming of man-machine interface, and the application of IL300 high-precision displacement sensor, one of the most important test components in the test platform, is also studied. After the hardware and software system design is completed, the test platform is debugged. The designed performance test platform can run stably under impact load, and accurately measure the concerned performance and parameters. Finally, According to the test plan, the concrete test steps of cylinder performance under impact load are introduced, the test results are listed, the test data are analyzed, and the test conclusions are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH138.51

【参考文献】