斗轮堆取料机俯仰结构的有限元分析及优化设计

发布时间：2018-03-09 21:52

本文选题：斗轮堆取料机　切入点：俯仰结构　出处：《哈尔滨工程大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：斗轮堆取料机是一种高效的连续装卸设备，，在一些散料装卸的港口、矿石、煤等散料储备场所发挥着巨大的作用。俯仰结构是斗轮堆取料机的重要组成部分，其特点是自重大，外伸较长，结构和受力情况比较复杂，其可靠性、安全性不能忽视，因此在斗轮堆取料机设计时，要综合考虑其刚、强度和振动特性以确保设备在实际工作时能安全运行。依据相关技术资料，利用三维造型软件UG NX6.0建立俯仰结构的几何模型，对模型进行适当的简化处理后，导入到HyperMesh软件进行几何清理后，利用其前处理功能对结构不同位置设置适合的单元类型，并建立其有限元模型，将此有限元模型通过接口文件导入到ANSYS中，利用其求解功能完成了结构在自重载荷、正常工作、超载工作三种典型工况下的静态有限元分析，每种工况又包括了臂架处于水平、上仰至极限位置、下俯至极限位置三种工作状态，通过位移分析结果确定了结构几处关键位置的挠度，从而完成刚度校核，通过等效应力分析结果完成了设备的强度校核，还对结构的倾覆稳定性进行了分析。论文还对结构在空、满载两种状态下进行模态分析，获得其前八阶固有频率和振型，通过对比外界激励源频率和固有频率，验证结构是否产生共振，并在模态分析的基础上，运用模态叠加法对俯仰结构进行谐响应分析，进一步得到结构在头部激励作用下的幅频响应，并通过结果分析得到斗轮的安全转速范围，这些结论为设计人员了解结构的振动特性提供了依据。此外，论文还对结构的前臂架部分做出优化改进，以影响前臂架质量最大的几个尺寸因素为设计变量，在满足一定强度刚度的情况下，以其总质量最小为目标函数，利用ANSYS Workbench的多目标驱动优化技术对前臂架进行优化改进，实现结构的轻量化。
[Abstract]:Bucket wheel stacker is a kind of efficient continuous loading and unloading equipment, which plays a great role in some bulk storage places such as bulk loading and unloading ports, ores, coal, etc. The pitching structure is an important part of bucket wheel stacker, and its characteristic is self-important. The extension is longer, the structure and the stress are complex, its reliability and safety can not be ignored, so the rigid, strength and vibration characteristics of the bucket wheel stacker should be considered comprehensively in order to ensure the safe operation of the equipment in practice. According to the relevant technical data, the geometric model of pitching structure is established by using UG NX6.0, which is a 3D modeling software. After proper simplification of the model, it is imported into the HyperMesh software for geometric cleaning. The preprocessing function is used to set up the suitable element types for different positions of the structure, and the finite element model is established. The finite element model is imported into ANSYS through interface file, and the structure works normally under deadweight load using its solving function. Static finite element analysis under three typical working conditions, including three working states: the arm is horizontal, the arm is up to the limit position, and the limit position is bent down to the limit position. The deflection of several key positions of the structure is determined by the displacement analysis result, the stiffness check is completed, the strength check of the equipment is completed by the equivalent stress analysis result, and the overturning stability of the structure is also analyzed. The first eight natural frequencies and modes are obtained. By comparing the external excitation source frequency and the natural frequency, the resonance of the structure is verified and based on the modal analysis. The harmonic response of pitching structure is analyzed by modal superposition method, and the amplitude-frequency response of the structure under the action of head excitation is obtained, and the safe rotational speed range of bucket wheel is obtained by the result analysis. These conclusions provide a basis for designers to understand the vibration characteristics of the structure. In addition, the paper also optimizes and improves the front arm part of the structure, taking several dimensions that affect the quality of the front boom as design variables, and taking the minimum total mass as the objective function under the condition of satisfying a certain strength and stiffness. The multi-objective driving optimization technique of ANSYS Workbench is used to optimize and improve the front boom to achieve lightweight structure.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH24

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