基于不完全微分PID的磁轴承控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 08:50

本文选题：轴向磁轴承　切入点：不完全微分PID控制　出处：《西南交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：主动磁轴承是一种利用电磁力将转子悬浮起来的支撑部件。相比其他轴承,具有无机械接触、振动幅度小等特点。在航空航天、能源交通、超高速精密加工等领域具有广阔的应用前景。由于应用场合的要求,主动磁轴承在控制方面依然存在不足。在理想环境下,传统PID控制能够取得较好的控制效果。当环境干扰严重时,传统PID的控制效果就会变差。针对这种情况,本文引入改进的不完全微分PID算法来进行控制器设计。论文首先介绍了磁浮轴承的特点、国内外的发展状况及其发展趋势。以立式电机的轴向电磁轴承为研究对象,论文进行了功率放大器和控制芯片外围电路设计。论文建立了电磁轴承轴向的数学模型,介绍了几种传统的不完全微分PID控制算法。为了改善系统稳态的控制效果,论文引入了改进不完全微分PID控制算法和该算法的改进数字算法,进行了理论推导,进行了改进算法与传统PID、传统不完全微分PID算法的仿真效果对比。为了改善系统动态的控制效果,论文引入了重置PID,给出了重置算法实现步骤。论文设计了控制系统软件,进行了传统PID算法、不完全微分PID算法的对比实验,并进行了重置PID控制算法验证实验。论文实现了立式电机转子轴向的稳定悬浮,稳态悬浮精度为50um,阶跃响应调节时间为0.3s,超调小于1%,结果证明本文所引入的算法是有效的。
[Abstract]:Active magnetic bearing (AMB) is a kind of supporting component which uses electromagnetic force to suspend the rotor. Compared with other bearings, it has the characteristics of no mechanical contact, small vibration amplitude, etc. In aerospace, energy transportation, Ultra-high speed precision machining and other fields have a broad application prospects. Due to the requirements of the application, active magnetic bearings are still inadequate in control. The traditional PID control can obtain better control effect. When the environment disturbance is serious, the control effect of the traditional PID will become worse. In this paper, an improved incomplete differential PID algorithm is introduced to design the controller. Firstly, the paper introduces the characteristics of maglev bearing, the development situation and development trend at home and abroad, taking the axial active magnetic bearing of vertical motor as the research object. The paper designs the power amplifier and the peripheral circuit of the control chip, establishes the mathematical model of the axial direction of the electromagnetic bearing, introduces several traditional incomplete differential PID control algorithms, in order to improve the control effect of the steady state of the system, In this paper, the improved incomplete differential PID control algorithm and the improved digital algorithm are introduced, and the theoretical derivation is given. In order to improve the dynamic control effect of the system, the resetting algorithm is introduced, and the realization steps of the reset algorithm are given. The software of the control system is designed, and the simulation results of the improved algorithm are compared with that of the traditional PID algorithm and the traditional incomplete differential PID algorithm, in order to improve the dynamic control effect of the system, the resetting algorithm is introduced. The contrast experiments of traditional PID algorithm, incomplete differential PID algorithm and reset PID control algorithm are carried out. In this paper, the axial suspension of the rotor of vertical motor is realized. The steady state suspension accuracy is 50 umum, the step response adjustment time is 0.3 s, and the overshoot is less than 1. The results show that the algorithm introduced in this paper is effective.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH133.3;TP273

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