往复式压缩机迷宫密封流场动力和热力特性分析及活塞结构研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 09:16

本文选题：往复式压缩机　切入点：迷宫密封　出处：《沈阳理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在机械制造业发展初期，人们采用静止密封方式，把需要密封的机器部件尽可能加以相互压紧，并索性用物质填充残留的间隙。随着非接触式密封的推广，越来越多机械设备中采用了非接触式密封，，而其中应用较为广泛的当属迷宫密封。迷宫密封由于在制造、装配、和运载上的优势使其广泛应用于石油化工、炼油、化肥、煤制气等工业上。长期以来，人们一直不懈地对它进行研究，得出了如下的简要结论：迷宫密封是依靠工作介质在流动过程中的能量损耗来决定其密封性能；动力机械的能量消耗情况主要受泄漏量大小的影响。随着科学技术的飞速发展，依赖于总体试验的传统研究方法逐渐地暴露出自身有待完善之处，例如对迷宫空腔及间隙内部流场和压力场定量认识不足。本文以应用于往复式压缩机的迷宫密封及其活塞结构为研究对象，进一步完善迷宫密封的理论研究，为迷宫结构的合理设计和优化以及迷宫式压缩机的国产化提供参考。本文一系列较深入的研究工作可罗列为以下几点： 1、回顾了往复式压缩机及迷宫密封研究现状，重点介绍了迷宫密封的相关理论和与相应尺寸匹配下的活塞结构。 2、设计出工程中迷宫密封的几何模型与计算流体力学模型（FLUENT软件中的前处理器Gmbilt设计几何模型、FLUENT为计算流体力学模型平台），模拟了迷宫密封内部流动的形态，根据模拟数值为迷宫密封相关参数的设计提供了有效数值。 3、针对影响迷宫密封性能的内部结构尺寸进行了数值仿真，得出不同结构下的流动规律和特点；通过细致分析内部流场，探讨了不同结构尺寸对泄漏特性的影响，揭示了传统迷宫的密封机理，并提出了合理迷宫结构优化建议。 4、根据优化后的迷宫密封内部结构尺寸，对传统迷宫密封结构相配合的活塞结构尺寸进行一定程度上的更改，以期达到更好的密封效果。
[Abstract]:In the early stage of the development of mechanical manufacturing, people adopted static sealing, pressed the machine parts that needed to seal each other as much as possible, and filled the remaining gap with material. With the popularization of non-contact seal, A growing number of mechanical equipment use non-contact seals, among which labyrinth seals are widely used. Labyrinth seals are widely used in petrochemical, oil refining and chemical fertilizers due to their advantages in manufacture, assembly, and transportation. For a long time, people have been unremitting research on coal gasification and other industries, and the following brief conclusions have been drawn: labyrinth seal depends on the energy loss of the working medium in the flow process to determine its sealing performance; With the rapid development of science and technology, the traditional research methods, which rely on the overall test, gradually exposed their own needs to be improved. For example, the quantitative understanding of flow field and pressure field in labyrinth cavity and clearance is not enough. In this paper, the labyrinth seal and piston structure applied in reciprocating compressor are taken as the research object, and the theoretical study of labyrinth seal is further improved. It provides a reference for the reasonable design and optimization of labyrinth structure and the localization of labyrinth compressor. A series of in-depth research work in this paper can be listed as follows:. 1. The research status of reciprocating compressor and labyrinth seal is reviewed, and the relevant theory of labyrinth seal and piston structure matching with corresponding size are introduced. 2. The geometric model of labyrinth seal and the model of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are designed. The pre-processor Gmbilt model in fluent software is designed as the platform of CFD model, and the internal flow pattern of labyrinth seal is simulated. According to the simulation value, the effective value is provided for the design of the labyrinth seal parameters. 3. Numerical simulation is carried out on the internal structure size which affects the performance of labyrinth seal, and the flow law and characteristics under different structures are obtained, and the effects of different structure dimensions on leakage characteristics are discussed through detailed analysis of internal flow field. The sealing mechanism of the traditional labyrinth is revealed, and the optimization suggestion of the labyrinth structure is put forward. 4. According to the internal structure of the optimized labyrinth seal, the piston structure size of the traditional labyrinth seal structure is changed to a certain extent, in order to achieve better sealing effect.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH45

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