钢丝滚道球轴承接触特性与支承刚度理论及实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 02:36

本文选题：钢丝滚道球轴承　切入点：非协调性Herz接触　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为一种非标准轴承，钢丝滚道球轴承具有刚/惯比大、回转精度高、抗倾覆能力强以及结构设计灵活等特点，因此，被广泛地应用于大型雷达天线、飞行器仿真转台和医疗器械等精密装备。它能承受轴向载荷、径向载荷、倾覆力矩及其组成的复合载荷，但外部载荷往往会在钢丝滚道表面形成循环交变接触应力，导致磨损、点蚀产生，甚至剪切失效，严重影响设备的正常运转。因此，对轴承载荷分布和刚度的研究十分有必要。首先，本文研究了轴承预紧量与接触载荷、接触变形之间的关系，在预紧接触变形的基础上，根据非协调性Herz接触理论、余弦定理和洛必达法则，建立了轴向载荷、径向载荷及倾覆力矩载荷对应的载荷分布模型。以某型号飞行器仿真转台中的钢丝滚道球轴承为实例，运用MATLAB编程求解载荷分布模型，得到了载荷分布规律、最大接触力，分析了钢球数目及轴承接触角对最大接触力的影响。其次，本文在轴承载荷分布特性研究的基础上，根据叠加原理和刚度的定义，，建立了五自由度复合载荷作用下，钢丝滚道球轴承刚度矩阵数学模型，推导刚度矩阵的表达式，提出了刚度矩阵数值计算方法，以某型号飞行器仿真转台中的轴承为例，给出了刚度矩阵数值结果。最后，为了验证轴承刚度矩阵数学模型的正确性，设计了轴承刚度实验测量方案，搭建了轴承轴向刚度、径向刚度及翻转刚度实验测量系统。实验中，测量不同外部载荷对应的轴承内外环框架之间的相对位移，根据刚度的定义得到刚度实验结果。理论与实验结果对比表明：随着载荷的增大，轴向刚度、径向刚度略微减小，径向刚度近似线性的增大，框架变形、塑形变形及加载方式对轴承刚度实验影响较大，实验研究将为工程实际应用提供参数依据。
[Abstract]:As a kind of non-standard bearing, steel wire raceway ball bearing is widely used in large radar antenna because of its high rigid / inertial ratio, high rotary precision, strong capsizing resistance and flexible structure design. It can withstand axial load, radial load, overturning moment and its composition compound load, but external load will often form cyclic alternating contact stress on the surface of steel wire raceway, resulting in wear. Pitting, even shear failure, seriously affect the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the load distribution and stiffness of bearings. First of all, the relationship between bearing preload and contact load and contact deformation is studied. On the basis of pretightening contact deformation, axial load is established according to non-conforming Herz contact theory, cosine theorem and Lopida rule. The load distribution model corresponding to radial load and overturning moment load. Taking the steel wire raceway ball bearing in the simulation turntable of a certain type of aircraft as an example, the load distribution model is solved by MATLAB programming, and the law of load distribution and the maximum contact force are obtained. The influence of ball number and bearing contact angle on maximum contact force is analyzed. Secondly, on the basis of the research of bearing load distribution characteristics, according to the superposition principle and the definition of stiffness, the mathematical model of stiffness matrix of steel wire raceway ball bearing under the action of five degrees of freedom composite load is established, and the expression of stiffness matrix is deduced. The numerical method of stiffness matrix is presented. The numerical results of stiffness matrix are given by taking the bearing in the simulation turntable of a certain type of aircraft as an example. Finally, in order to verify the correctness of the mathematical model of bearing stiffness matrix, the experimental measurement scheme of bearing stiffness is designed, and the experimental measurement system of axial stiffness, radial stiffness and turnover stiffness of bearing is built. The relative displacement between the inner and outer ring frames corresponding to different external loads is measured and the experimental results of stiffness are obtained according to the definition of stiffness. The theoretical and experimental results show that the axial stiffness and radial stiffness decrease slightly with the increase of load. The linear increase of radial stiffness, frame deformation, plastic deformation and loading mode have great influence on the bearing stiffness experiment. The experimental research will provide the parameter basis for practical engineering application.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.3

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