基于超磁致伸缩材料的气动高速开关阀的设计研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 09:19

  本文选题：超磁致伸缩材料　切入点：气动高速开关阀　出处：《浙江大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气动高速开关阀在PWM工作模式下的比例控制特性,使其具有了替代价格高昂的气动比例伺服阀,用于实现低成本伺服控制的可能性。超磁致伸缩材料,拥有响应速度快、输出力大、并可在低磁场强度下动作等优点,有利于从根本上提高开关阀的频响。本文首次把超磁致伸缩材料引入气动高速开关阀中,提出了具有新结构的设计方案,并对该类高速开关阀所具有的工作特性进行了深入的研究。论文的主要内容包括以下几个部分： 第一,本文首先分析了现今气动高速开关阀中存在的问题,论述了超磁致伸缩材料的磁致伸缩机理及其性能特点。在此基础上,提出了一种基于超磁致伸缩材料的气动高速开关阀的新结构。 第二,对基于超磁致伸缩材料的气动高速开关阀的结构设计要点进行了细致的分析研究。主要涉及开关阀线圈及其骨架设计、温度场仿真及热补偿机构、磁路设计及电磁场仿真、预压力和微位移放大机构设计及仿真,解决了结构设计中的关键问题,为研制具有较高性能的气动高速开关阀的研发奠定了基础。 第三,在前述新型气动高速开关阀硬件方案基础上,基于超磁致伸缩机电转换模型、材料力学以及悬臂梁振动等理论建立了开关阀的动态响应模型,并基于该模型,依据设计参数进行了仿真,分析了相关重要参数对开关阀性能的影响,为该型气动高速开关阀的优化设计提供了重要的理论支持。 第四,搭建了实验系统,对研制出的超磁致伸缩气动高速开关阀样机进行了稳态及动态实验研究,包括稳态流量特性实验、阀口开度实验、动态响应特性实验等,实验测得开关阀在700Hz时的阀口开度为低频段时的74.5%,且阀口开度在60μm以上时,开关阀的流量特性刚度较好,此时在上游压力为6bar时,最大流量在80L/min以上。根据实验结果与仿真结果的差异进行了分析。
[Abstract]:The proportional control characteristic of pneumatic high speed switch valve in PWM mode makes it possible to replace the high cost pneumatic proportional servo valve, which can be used to realize low cost servo control. The advantages of large output force and can be operated under low magnetic field intensity are beneficial to improve the frequency response of the switch valve fundamentally. In this paper, the giant magnetostrictive material is introduced into the pneumatic high speed switch valve for the first time, and the design scheme with new structure is put forward. The working characteristics of this kind of high speed switch valve are studied deeply. The main contents of this paper include the following parts:. Firstly, the problems existing in pneumatic high speed switch valves are analyzed, and the magnetostrictive mechanism and performance characteristics of giant magnetostrictive materials are discussed. A new structure of pneumatic high speed switch valve based on giant magnetostrictive material is proposed. Secondly, the structural design points of pneumatic high speed switch valve based on giant magnetostrictive material are analyzed and studied in detail. It mainly involves the design of switch valve coil and its skeleton, the simulation of temperature field and the thermal compensation mechanism. The design of magnetic circuit and electromagnetic field, the design and simulation of pre-pressure and micro-displacement amplifying mechanism solve the key problems in structure design, and lay a foundation for the research and development of pneumatic high-speed switch valve with high performance. Thirdly, on the basis of the hardware scheme of the new pneumatic high speed switch valve, the dynamic response model of the switch valve is established based on the theory of giant magnetostrictive electromechanical conversion model, material mechanics and cantilever beam vibration. The simulation is carried out according to the design parameters, and the influence of relevant important parameters on the performance of the switch valve is analyzed, which provides an important theoretical support for the optimization design of the pneumatic high speed switch valve. In 4th, the experimental system was set up, and the steady and dynamic experiments were carried out on the prototype of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic high speed switch valve, including steady state flow characteristic experiment, valve opening experiment, dynamic response characteristic experiment, etc. The experimental results show that the opening degree of the valve at 700 Hz is 74.5 when the opening of the valve is over 60 渭 m, and the flow characteristic stiffness of the valve is better when the upstream pressure is 6 bar. The maximum flow rate is over 80 L / min. The difference between the experimental results and the simulation results is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH138.521

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