汽车起重机变幅机构动力学分析及整车稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 08:18

本文选题：汽车起重机　切入点：变幅机构　出处：《沈阳建筑大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：变幅机构是汽车起重机的重要组成部分之一，变幅机构吊臂的根部铰点和变幅油缸上、下铰点所组成的三铰点的布置方法、具体位置以及变幅油缸的设计对其运动、动力性能影响甚大。汽车起重机变幅机构的传统设计方法是类比法、经验计算并辅以手工作图法，设计周期较长，且需多次反复，通用性较差，难以满足现代汽车起重机的设计要求，严重制约了产品的更新换代，也不能满足市场快速反应的要求。为此，本文以汽车起重机变幅机构和整车为研究对象，应用新的设计理论与方法对变幅机构进行动力学仿真和整车稳定性分析，，试图找到一种能够满足现代汽车起重机重要部件设计要求的设计方法，从而简化设计过程，提高设计效率。为了解决起重机变幅机构存在吊臂非匀速运转引起振动冲击和铰点布置不合理导致变幅油缸受力较大的问题，依据ADAMS环境建立了汽车起重机变幅机构的虚拟样机参数化模型，对其进行了动力学仿真分析，验证了模型的可靠性和正确性；应用此模型进行动力学仿真，提出了实现主臂匀速变幅驱动的最佳驱动函数的表达式的构造方法；提出变幅机构三铰点数学模型，并在动力学环境下进行了位置优化设计，获得变幅机构三铰点最优的布置位置；通过ANSYS进行了主要承载部件转台的有限元分析，获得优化后三铰点位置可降低转台所受最大应力的有益结论，说明前述三铰点最优位置是可行和可信的；完成整车的稳定性动力学仿真，提出汽车起重机的使用环境条件的合理化建议。经QY20汽车起重机进行了实例验证，说明全文的方法是可行和可靠的。在变幅机构最佳驱动函数的获取和三铰点位置优化方面有一定的创新。本文的方法可方便应用于同类产品设计研究中，是提升该类产品核心竞争力的有效手段。
[Abstract]:The luffing mechanism is one of the important parts of the automobile crane. The arrangement method of the three-hinge point, the specific position and the design of the luffing cylinder, which is composed of the hinge point at the root of the jib and the lower hinge point on the oil cylinder of the luffing mechanism, moves it. The traditional design method of automobile crane luffing mechanism is analogy method, experience calculation and manual drawing method, the design period is longer, and it needs many times to repeat, so the generality is poor. It is difficult to meet the design requirements of modern truck cranes, which seriously restricts the upgrading of products and can not meet the requirements of rapid market response. Therefore, this paper takes the automotive crane luffing mechanism and the whole vehicle as the research object. In order to simplify the design process, a new design theory and method is applied to analyze the dynamic simulation and vehicle stability of the luffing mechanism in order to find a design method that can meet the design requirements of the important parts of the modern truck crane. Improve design efficiency. In order to solve the problem of vibration shock caused by the non-uniform speed operation of boom and unreasonable arrangement of hinge point, the parameterized model of virtual prototype of luffing mechanism of truck crane was established based on ADAMS environment in order to solve the problem of vibration shock caused by non-uniform operation of crane luffing mechanism and unreasonable arrangement of hinge point. The reliability and correctness of the model are verified by the dynamic simulation analysis, and the method of constructing the optimal driving function of the main arm constant speed variable amplitude drive is put forward by using the model to carry out the dynamic simulation. The mathematical model of three hinge points of the luffing mechanism is put forward, and the optimum position of the three hinge points of the mechanism is obtained through the optimal design of the position under the dynamic environment, and the finite element analysis of the turntable of the main bearing parts is carried out by ANSYS. The conclusion that the optimal position of the three-hinge point can reduce the maximum stress of the turntable after optimization is obtained, which shows that the optimal position of the three-hinge point is feasible and reliable, and the simulation of the stability and dynamics of the whole vehicle is completed. This paper puts forward some reasonable suggestions on the use of environmental conditions of truck cranes, which are verified by QY20 truck cranes. It is shown that the method in this paper is feasible and reliable. There are some innovations in obtaining the optimal driving function of the luffing mechanism and optimizing the position of the three hinges. The method in this paper can be applied to the design and research of similar products. It is an effective means to enhance the core competitiveness of this kind of products.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.6

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