离心泵振动特性有限元分析及试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 16:09

本文选题：船用离心泵　切入点：有限元分析　出处：《武汉理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：离心泵是船舶机舱的主要辅助机械,其运行状态的好坏直接关系到船舶能否持续正常航行和船员生活能否得到保障等问题。目前对船用离心泵进行的状态监测大多采用压力、流量和转速等参数,而采用振动方法进行实时监测诊断则不多。有效的振动监测与诊断技术可以及时掌握船用离心泵的技术状况,及时发现故障征兆,对其进行针对性检修,避免突发性故障的发生,降低维修成本,提高其利用率和安全性。因此,对船用离心泵进行振动特性分析及振动监测诊断技术的研究具有理论意义和实际的工程应用价值。本文以IS100-65-315单级单吸卧式离心泵为主要研究对象,针对离心泵故障库缺乏的现状,以流体力学理论、振动理论和有限元理论为基础,采用现代试验技术和CAE软件为研究手段,对船用离心泵进行了系统研究,主要研究工作如下： 1.建立了离心泵流道有限元模型,运用Fluent软件,对流道进行仿真计算,揭示了离心泵流道内部流场压力分布规律,即在叶轮区域叶片从叶轮进口到叶轮出口,流体压力不断增大；在蜗壳部分流体从蜗舌到出口其压力呈逐渐增大趋势；确定了流道中流体对离心泵泵壳的激励力。 2.采用PRO/E软件建立了离心泵泵壳的三维实体模型；运用MSC.Patran/Nastran有限元软件,进行了正常工况下离心泵泵体的振动响应分析,分析了离心泵泵体的振动响应特性,并在试验台架上试验验证了离心泵计算模型的正确性。 3.运用Fluent和MSC.Patran/Nastran软件,对离心泵进行了故障仿真研究,主要分析了离心泵在小流量、大流量非额定工况,单叶片折损以及汽蚀故障的振动响应特性,揭示了三种工况下离心泵泵体的振动频谱规律,为离心泵振动的故障诊断提供了依据。
[Abstract]:Centrifugal pump is the main auxiliary machinery of ship engine room, its running condition is directly related to whether the ship can continue to sail normally and whether the crew life can be guaranteed, etc. At present, the condition monitoring of ship centrifugal pump mostly adopts pressure. There are few parameters such as flow rate and rotational speed, but it is rare to use vibration method to monitor and diagnose in real time. Effective vibration monitoring and diagnosis technology can grasp the technical condition of marine centrifugal pump in time, find fault symptom in time, and carry on pertinence maintenance to it. Therefore, it is of theoretical significance and practical application value to study the vibration characteristics analysis and vibration monitoring and diagnosis technology of marine centrifugal pump. In this paper, IS100-65-315 single-stage single-suction horizontal centrifugal pump is taken as the main research object. In view of the lack of fault reservoir of centrifugal pump, based on the theory of fluid mechanics, vibration theory and finite element theory, modern test technology and CAE software are used as the research means. A systematic study on marine centrifugal pump is carried out. The main research work is as follows:. 1. The flow channel finite element model of centrifugal pump is established, and the flow channel is simulated by Fluent software, which reveals the pressure distribution law of the flow field inside the channel of centrifugal pump, that is, the blade is imported from impeller to the outlet of impeller in the impeller region. The pressure of the fluid is increasing gradually from the tongue to the outlet of the volute and the excitation force of the fluid to the pump case is determined. 2. The three-dimensional solid model of centrifugal pump shell is established by using PRO/E software, the vibration response of centrifugal pump body under normal working condition is analyzed by MSC.Patran/Nastran finite element software, and the vibration response characteristic of centrifugal pump body is analyzed. The correctness of the calculation model of centrifugal pump is verified on the test bench. 3. The fault simulation of centrifugal pump is carried out by using Fluent and MSC.Patran/Nastran software. The vibration response characteristics of centrifugal pump under small flow rate, non-rated condition with large flow rate, single blade loss and cavitation failure are analyzed. The vibration spectrum law of centrifugal pump body under three working conditions is revealed, which provides the basis for the fault diagnosis of centrifugal pump vibration.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH311

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