QTZ800塔机结构设计及顶升系统安全性研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 16:56

本文选题：自升式塔机　切入点：顶升套架　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着高层建筑的增多及施工的需要，塔机日趋向着高耸化方向发展，出现了自行升高的塔机。塔机顶升时受力情况复杂，尤其风载荷具有一定的随机性。到目前为止，顶升工况时结构受力分析及顶升参数调整暂无通行的方法，相关研究工作及规范对于突发风载荷的处理尚无明确说法。制造商根据规范，要求操作人员在风速大于一定值时不允许开始顶升，并未指出顶升过程中，结构承受何种风载荷下继续安全顶升、停止顶升，或者进行下降作业。面对缺乏相关规范情况下，给顶升操作人员提供实用有效的处理突发状况下的指导，本文力图在这方面取得进展。本文设计了起升力矩为800t·m的水平臂塔式起重机，并以此塔机为例，计算了结构所受风载荷。顶升套架是顶升工况的主要受力结构，根据塔机顶升工况的工作特点，分析了无风顶升时顶升套架受力情况，以及影响受力的各种因素。根据力学原理，分析了载荷变化对受力滚轮的影响。分析了水平臂塔式起重机平衡调整策略，列写了滚轮压力变化函数式。根据顶升套架受力特点，，设计了可展开腹杆，以应对突发风载荷时，为引进标准节而不能布置腹杆的顶升套架开口一侧的刚度不足。建立了塔机顶升工况系统有限元模型。根据实际情况对塔机作出了合理的简化，建立了顶升套架及与之接触的标准节的有限元模型。确定了以风速和风向为参数，并向顶升套架简化的风载荷的函数表达式。在已经调整平衡的前提下，施加某方向、一定风速的风载荷，求解了顶升套架与标准节的应力，并针对不同的杆件校核了其强度失效和稳定性失效。通过多次试算分析，确定了某种风向下，顶升工况安全顶升时所能承受最大风载荷，并按规律不断改变风向，重复计算分析有限元结果，得到了360°周向风载荷的安全顶升风速-风向矢量表，以便为顶升操作人员提供指导。
[Abstract]:With the increase of high-rise buildings and the need of construction, tower cranes are gradually developing towards the direction of towering, and self-elevating tower cranes appear.The load of tower crane is complicated, especially the wind load is random.Up to now, the method of structural force analysis and the adjustment of hoisting parameters have not been adopted, and there is no clear explanation about the treatment of sudden wind load in relevant research work and code.In the face of the lack of relevant norms, this paper tries to make progress in this area by providing practical and effective guidance to elevating operators in dealing with unexpected situations.In this paper, a horizontal jib crane with a lifting torque of 800t m is designed, and the wind load on the structure is calculated by taking the tower crane as an example.The jacking bushing is the main force structure in the lifting condition. According to the working characteristics of the lifting condition of the tower crane, this paper analyzes the force situation of the jacking jacket under the condition of no wind jacking, and various factors affecting the force.According to the principle of mechanics, the influence of load change on the force roller is analyzed.The balancing adjustment strategy of horizontal jib tower crane is analyzed, and the function of roller pressure change is listed.According to the mechanical characteristics of the jacking bushing frame, an deployable web rod is designed to deal with the stiffness deficiency of the opening side of the jacking sleeve frame for the introduction of standard joints but not for the web bar in response to the sudden wind load.The finite element model of tower crane lifting system is established.Under the condition that the balance has been adjusted, the stress of the jacking frame and the standard section is solved by applying wind load in a certain direction and a certain wind speed, and the strength failure and the stability failure are checked for different bars.Through repeated trial calculation and analysis, it is determined that under certain wind direction, the most windy load can be withstood when the lifting condition is safe, and the wind direction is constantly changed according to the law, and the finite element results are calculated and analyzed repeatedly.The safe lifting wind speed vector table of 360 掳circumferential wind load is obtained in order to provide guidance for the jacking operator.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.3

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