碳纤维复合材料传动轴的设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 11:31

本文选题：碳纤维　切入点：传动轴　出处：《武汉理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：碳纤维复合材料传动轴不仅质量轻,具有很好的耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性,而且噪声小、震动衰减性好、安全性好,特别适用于大型重载传动轴。碳纤维复合材料传动轴根据结构形式可以分为整体型和装配型两类。整体型结构可以采用短切纤维注塑成型或采用连续纤维编织固化成型；装配型即传动轴由两个以上构件通过连接装配成一个整体。装配型传动轴由于其工艺简单,且力学性能好被广泛使用。本文主要研究装配型碳纤维复合材料传动轴的设计。装配型传动轴一般由金属构件和碳纤维管连接而成,金属构件和碳纤维管的连接对装配型传动轴的性能至关重要,因此连接设计是本论文研究重点之一。本文分析了复合材料与金属常用的连接方式及特点,并对混合连接(既有胶连接又有机械连接)的传动轴进行了设计计算。根据胶连接的经验公式和ANSYS分析结果确定了胶连接的套合长度,并对胶的剪切强度进行了校核。机械连接使用螺钉连接,对螺钉的直径、边距、间距,行距分别做了计算和校核,达到了传动轴扭转强度的要求。碳纤维管的设计是论文的另一个研究重点。碳纤维管的设计方法上与传统金属轴不同,碳纤维管结构设计包含了材料设计,如组分材料和铺层方向等。碳纤维管一般为薄壁圆管构件,也可以看作是一种层合板结构件,其铺层设计沿用层合板的设计理论。传动轴工作时主要承受扭矩,所以碳纤维管要有足够的扭转强度和扭转刚度。本文中碳纤维管的结构设计主要包括铺层角度、铺层顺序、铺层厚度以及铺层比例的设计。文中采用有限元软件ANSYS及Tsai-Wu张量准则分析了不同的铺层角度对轴的扭转强度和扭转刚度的影响。碳纤维复合材料的成型工艺中,缠绕成型工艺效率高,可使制品最大限度的获得所要求的结构性能,故本文碳纤维试件采用缠绕成型工艺加工。结合ANSYS分析结果、缠绕成型工艺的特点和连接部位对铺层比例的要求,最后确定了碳纤维管的结构参数。为了验证碳纤维复合材料传动轴设计方法的准确性,加工了试验件,并对试验件进行了静扭转试验和扭转疲劳试验,试验结果与设计的碳纤维复合材料传动轴的临界破坏扭矩基本吻合。本文的研究成果对纤维增强型复合材料传动轴的设计有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber composite transmission shaft not only has light weight, has good fatigue and corrosion resistance, but also has low noise, good vibration attenuation and good safety. Carbon fiber composite transmission shaft can be divided into integral type and assembly type according to the structural form. The integral structure can be moulded by short cut fiber injection molding or continuous fiber braided solidification molding. The assembly type is the drive shaft which is assembled into a whole by connecting more than two components. The assembly type drive shaft is widely used because of its simple technology and good mechanical properties. This paper mainly studies the design of the assembled carbon fiber composite transmission shaft. Assembly drive shafts are usually connected by metal components and carbon fiber tubes, and the connection between metal members and carbon fiber tubes is crucial to the performance of the assembled transmission shafts. Therefore, the joint design is one of the key points in this paper. The design and calculation of the drive shaft of the hybrid connection (both glue connection and mechanical connection) are carried out. According to the empirical formula of the adhesive connection and the ANSYS analysis result, the sleeve length of the rubber joint is determined. The shear strength of the adhesive is checked. The screw connection is used in the mechanical connection. The diameter, margin, spacing and row spacing of the screw are calculated and checked, respectively, which meet the requirements of torsional strength of the drive shaft. The design of carbon fiber tube is another important point in this paper. The design method of carbon fiber tube is different from that of traditional metal axis. The structural design of carbon fiber tube includes material design. Carbon fiber tube is generally a thin-walled circular tube member, and can also be regarded as a laminated plate member. The laminated design follows the design theory of laminated plate, and the driving shaft is mainly subjected to torque when it works. Therefore, carbon fiber tube should have enough torsional strength and torsional stiffness. In this paper, the structural design of carbon fiber tube mainly includes layer angle, layer sequence, The influence of different layer angles on the torsional strength and stiffness of shaft is analyzed by using the finite element software ANSYS and Tsai-Wu Zhang Liang criterion. Because of the high efficiency of the winding forming process, the products can obtain the required structural properties to the maximum extent. Therefore, the carbon fiber specimen in this paper is processed by the winding molding process. Combined with the results of ANSYS analysis, The characteristics of the winding forming process and the requirements of the joint position for the coating ratio are determined. Finally, the structural parameters of the carbon fiber tube are determined. In order to verify the accuracy of the design method of the transmission shaft of carbon fiber composite material, the test piece was machined, and the static torsion test and torsional fatigue test were carried out on the test piece. The experimental results are in good agreement with the critical failure torque of the CFRP transmission shaft. The research results in this paper have some reference value for the design of fiber reinforced composite shaft.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.2

【引证文献】