低噪声斜盘式轴向柱塞泵配流盘研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 18:06

本文选题：轴向柱塞泵　切入点：流体噪声　出处：《西南交通大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在现代液压传动中,轴向柱塞泵因其具有体积小、传递功率大(高转速和高压力)、效率高、变量控制方便、寿命长等优点,被广泛应用于各种机械装备中。随着轴向柱塞泵向高压、高速、大流量方向发展以及对其工作性能和环保要求不断提高,噪声问题日益凸显,已成为制约轴向柱塞泵发展的重要因素。流体噪声作为柱塞泵的主要噪声源,与配流盘结构有着密切关系,因此研究轴向柱塞泵配流盘结构,分析柱塞泵配流特性,对降低噪声有着十分重要的意义。文章以普什公司生产的斜盘式高压轴向柱塞泵为研究对象,分析了轴向柱塞泵噪声形成机理,明确了流体噪声组成部分,将流量脉动作为流体噪声的主要研究对象,而流量脉动主要由几何流量脉动与流量倒灌形成的压力冲击有关。在此理论指导下,建立了柱塞泵流量与压力数学模型,考虑液压油的可压缩性,在STAR-CD中对流场进行CFD解析,完成了以下内容的分析研究：配流盘三角阻尼槽过流截面面积、预升压(卸压)区闭死角对轴向柱塞泵的压力流量特性的影响。论文主要结构如下：第一章,介绍了课题研究背景,对国内外主要的柱塞泵研究机构相关研究情况进行了调研,综述了该领域研究现状,在此基础上,明确了论文研究的内容和目的；第二章,简要说明了轴向柱塞泵工作原理,并分析了柱塞泵噪声形成机理,重点研究流体噪声的相关理论,确定流量脉动为引起流体噪声的主要组成部分；第三章,建立柱塞泵几何流量脉动与压力微分方程,并介绍了CFD仿真技术; 第四章,针对轴向柱塞泵复杂的内部流动特性进行了瞬态流场仿真。得到以下结论：在高压轴向柱塞泵中,配流盘结构采用80°左右的三角阻尼槽过流截面角、采用23°左右的预升压(卸压)区闭死角时,可以得到理想的压力流量特性,为今后设计低噪声配流盘结构提供了思路和方法；第五章,根据得出的结论,设计了一种用于11柱塞泵的低噪声配流盘,并进行相应条件下的流体仿真,验证了9柱塞泵低噪声配流盘优化方法对于设计用于11柱塞泵配流盘的适用性。同时对比了在相同结构相同工况下9柱塞泵与11柱塞泵的配流特性,表明按照9柱塞泵低噪声配流盘优化方法设计出的11柱塞泵也具有良好的配流性能,该结论可作为目前普什正在研究的11柱塞数目轴向柱塞泵的设计参考。最后对全篇论文主要研究工作进行了总结,给出了主要的研究结论,并对未来的研究工作进行了展望。
[Abstract]:In modern hydraulic transmission, axial piston pump is widely used in various mechanical equipment because of its small volume, high transmission power (high speed and high pressure, high efficiency, convenient variable control, long life and so on).With the development of axial piston pump in the direction of high pressure, high speed and large flow, and the increasing demands on its working performance and environmental protection, the noise problem is becoming increasingly prominent, which has become an important factor restricting the development of axial piston pump.As the main noise source of piston pump, fluid noise is closely related to the structure of distribution disk. Therefore, it is very important to study the structure of distribution disk of axial piston pump and analyze the flow distribution characteristics of piston pump, which is of great significance to reduce the noise.Taking the oblique disc high pressure axial piston pump produced by Pushi Company as the research object, this paper analyzes the noise forming mechanism of axial piston pump, clarifies the component of fluid noise, and takes flow pulsation as the main research object of fluid noise.The flow pulsation is mainly related to the pressure shock formed by the flow backflow.Under the guidance of this theory, the mathematical model of flow rate and pressure of piston pump is established. Considering the compressibility of hydraulic oil, the flow field is analyzed by CFD in STAR-CD.The effect of closed dead angle in pressure-relief zone on pressure and flow characteristics of axial piston pump.The main structure of the thesis is as follows:In the first chapter, the research background is introduced, the related research situation of the main piston pump research institutions at home and abroad is investigated, and the current research situation in this field is summarized. On this basis, the content and purpose of the thesis are clarified.In the second chapter, the working principle of axial piston pump is briefly explained, and the mechanism of piston pump noise is analyzed. The relevant theory of fluid noise is studied, and the flow pulsation is determined as the main component of fluid noise.In the third chapter, the differential equations of flow fluctuation and pressure of piston pump are established, and the CFD simulation technology is introduced.In chapter 4, the transient flow field of axial piston pump is simulated.The conclusions are as follows: in the high pressure axial piston pump, the ideal pressure and flow characteristics can be obtained when the structure of the flow distribution disk adopts an angle of 80 掳or so of the triangular damping slot and a closed dead angle of 23 掳or so in the pressure-relief zone.It provides a way of thinking and method for the design of low-noise flow disk structure in the future.In the fifth chapter, according to the conclusion, a low noise flow distribution disk for 11 piston pump is designed, and the fluid simulation is carried out under the corresponding conditions.It is verified that the optimization method of low noise flow plate of 9 piston pump is applicable to the design of 11 piston pump.At the same time, the flow distribution characteristics of 9 piston pump and 11 piston pump under the same structure and same working condition are compared. It is shown that the 11 piston pump designed according to the low noise flow plate optimization method of 9 piston pump also has good flow distribution performance.This conclusion can be used as a reference for the design of 11 plunger number axial piston pump.Finally, the main research work of the whole paper is summarized, the main research conclusions are given, and the future research work is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH322

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