空气箔片轴承设计、制造及其静态和动态特性实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 06:33

本文选题：空气箔片轴承 + 静态特性　；参考：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：空气箔片轴承是由一层或多层波纹状波箔和顶箔组成的具有良好柔性表面的气浮轴承。空气箔片轴承具有质量小、可靠性高、极大的设计自由度、良好的高温特性、低维护或免维护等优点，目前已被成功应用在飞机空气循环系统、小型航空发动机、微型燃气轮机、燃料电池用无油空压机以及车载涡轮增压器等领域，具有极为广泛的发展前景和应用价值。目前，空气箔片轴承的设计、加工制造以及商业应用在很大程度上仍然依赖于设计者的经验，在国内更是缺乏针对空气箔片轴承加工制造以及基础性能测试的相关研究。本文将结合空气箔片轴承的实际加工制造过程对轴承的设计和加工制造流程进行详细地论述，并在此基础上搭建轴承静态特性和动态特性试验台，对空气箔片轴承的静态特性和动态特性进行实验研究。本文的研究重点主要有以下几个方面：（1）设计和制造第一代和第二代波箔型空气箔片动压径向轴承。详细论述了波箔型空气箔片动压轴承的设计过程和加工制造过程，重点介绍了波箔弹性结构的设计、波箔冲压模具的设计加工、箔片材料的热处理工艺等轴承制造过程中的关键环节。（2）设计并搭建空气箔片动压径向轴承静态特性和动态特性实验台，对实际搭建过程中的不足之处进行了改进和完善，利用NI数据采集卡和labview软件编写了实验数据采集系统和动态特性实验中的激振器控制系统。（3）利用搭建的静态特性和动态特性实验台对轴承的静态刚度和结构刚度以及粘性阻尼进行了实验研究。结果表明，轴承的静态刚度呈现出很强的非线性分布，随负载力的增加轴承静态刚度增加；轴承的结构刚度随振动频率的增加逐渐增大，而当轴承振动振幅增大时轴承的结构刚度反而降低；轴承的粘性阻尼表现出随振动频率和振动振幅增大而逐渐减小的趋势。（4）利用改变轴颈尺寸的方法对同一轴承的不同径向间隙对空气箔片轴承静态特性和动态特性的影响规律进行了实验研究。实验结果表明，轴承径向间隙对轴承的负载能力影响较大，随径向间隙的减小轴承的静态刚度和结构刚度呈逐渐增大趋势；轴承的粘性阻尼随径向间隙减小先增大后减小，这说明过小的径向间隙在获得较大轴承刚度的同时也会牺牲轴承的阻尼特性。（5）分别针对不同波箔弹性结构、不同箔片材料、不同波箔热处理方式以及不同载荷方向等影响轴承弹性结构性能的因素进行实验研究，对比分析了不同因素下轴承的静态刚度和结构刚度以及粘性阻尼的变化规律，，实验结果表明，波箔结构沿周向和轴向分段能够改善轴承的静载刚度而轴承的结构刚度和阻尼特性改善并不明显；轴承的静态特性和动态特性受波箔材料影响较大，波箔材料的热处理方式对轴承的刚度和阻尼特性影响不大；轴承的刚度受焊点影响较大，靠近焊点处的波箔挤压变形受到限制刚度增大。
[Abstract]:The air foil bearing is composed of one or more layers of corrugated foils and the top foil air bearing surface has good flexibility. The air foil bearing has small quality, high reliability, great design freedom, excellent high temperature property, has the advantages of low maintenance or maintenance free, and has been successfully applied in aircraft air circulation system, small aviation engine, micro gas turbine, no oil air compressor and vehicle turbocharger for fuel cell, has a very wide development prospect and application value.
At present, the design of air foil bearings, manufacturing and commercial application is still largely dependent on the experience of the designer, in China is the lack of research for testing air foil bearing manufacturing and basic performance. This paper will combine the actual manufacturing process of air foil bearings on the bearing design and manufacturing process in detail it is based on the experiment of static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of bearings, experimental research on static and dynamic characteristics of air foil bearings. The focus of this paper mainly has following several aspects:
(1) the design and manufacture of the first and second generation of bump type foil air dynamic pressure radial bearing is discussed in detail. The wave type air foil foil design process and manufacturing process of bearing, the paper mainly introduces the design wave foil elastic structure design, processing foil stamping die, the key piece of foil material heat treatment process of bearing manufacturing process.
(2) to design and build air foil bearing static and dynamic characteristics of the actual experiment platform, build deficiencies in the process of improving and perfecting the preparation of exciter control system experiment data acquisition system and the dynamic characteristics of the experiment using the NI data acquisition card and LabVIEW software.
(3) using the static and dynamic characteristics of the static stiffness and structure of bearing stiffness and viscous damping is studied. The results show that the static stiffness of the bearing is nonlinear distribution is very strong, with the increase of bearing load capacity and static stiffness increase; bearing stiffness increased with the vibration frequency increases, and when the structure of bearing vibration amplitude increases when the bearing stiffness decreases; viscous damping bearing performance decreases with the increase of vibration frequency and amplitude of the trend.
(4) influence by changing the size of the shaft radial clearance on the same bearing on the static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of air foil bearings were experimentally studied. The experimental results show that the load capacity of bearing radial clearance of bearing large, static decrease with the radial clearance of the bearing stiffness and rigidity of the structure increased gradually; viscous damping bearing with reduced radial clearance increases first and then decreases, indicating that a small radial clearance on the damping characteristics to obtain larger stiffness of the bearings will sacrifice bearings.
(5) according to the different structure of different elastic wave foil, foil material, experimental study of different wave foil heat treatment methods and different load direction and other factors bearing elastic structure performance, static comparative analysis of different factors of bearing stiffness and structural stiffness and viscous damping variation, the experimental results show that the wave the foil structure along the circumferential and axial section can improve the bearing stiffness and static load bearing structure stiffness and damping characteristics of the improvement is not obvious; the static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the bearing by wave foil material influence heat treatment material has little effect on wave foil stiffness and damping characteristics of bearings; bearing the solder joint stiffness influence, limited stiffness increases wave foil near the solder joint extrusion deformation.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH133.3

【参考文献】