原油输送轴流泵的设计与数值分析

发布时间：2018-04-11 19:27

本文选题：轴流泵 + 原油输送　；参考：《大连理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：新型多缸圆周分布斜盘式柱塞泵在辽河油田试用原油管道集输。在辽河油田曙光采油厂现场测试表明,柱塞泵由注水改为输送原油后,由于原油动力粘度大,泵液力部进阀门处水力损失大大增加；在柱塞吸油行程的时间内,原油无法在大气压力的作用下顺利充满柱塞液缸。柱塞泵排量降低,无法达到额定流量值,振动噪声增加。根据能量守恒原理,柱塞泵排量下降可以通过提高入口前原油位能的办法来解决,为此设计一种原油输送轴流泵加装在柱塞泵入口前来达到提高原油能量的目的,保证柱塞泵输出额定排量。传统轴流泵设计方法轮毂和轮缘叶片安放角差值大,叶片扭曲严重；等轴面速度和出口环量相等的设计实际效果并不理想。轴流泵采用流线法设计水力模型,冲角的选择方式从轮毂到轮缘逐渐增加,取值范围为0°～3°。原油比水动力粘度大,轴流泵输送水和原油介质时的特性曲线有差异；利用FLUENT数值模拟,对比分析两种介质时的特性曲线,通过调整叶片轮毂翼型弦长绕旋转中心旋转角确定原油输送轴流泵的样机加工参数。在实验室进行加装轴流泵和未加装轴流泵的两组柱塞泵原油流动的性能试验,对比分析柱塞泵性能的改善效果。数值模拟结果表明两种介质特性曲线是几何相似的,而原油流动时扬程有所下降且粘性力作用消耗掉50%的水力效率,而相似曲线流量区间同输送水时相比更宽,适应性更好,工况可调节性更好。在柱塞泵可调节流量范围内对比0～-4°轮毂翼型弦长绕旋转中心旋转角时发现,-4°旋转角时可以保证所需扬程且水力效率高更为节能,将其作为样机加工参数。实验室试验数据表明柱塞泵排口压力从1.0MPa逐渐升高至额定压力2.5MPa时,安装轴流泵后,柱塞泵的排量明显提高,额定压力时泵效率高于85%。辽河油田现场测试表明加装轴流泵的柱塞泵在额定压力时流量和效率达到额定值,柱塞泵效率较未安装轴流泵时提高31.6%,振动噪声符合限值要求。柱塞泵入口端通过加装轴流泵增压,对改善原油输送柱塞泵流量下降、泵效率下降及振动噪声增大的状况具有实际的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:A new multi cylinder circumferential distribution of swashplate axial piston pump in the trial of crude oil pipeline in Liaohe oilfield gathering. That in the field of Shuguang oil production plant of Liaohe Oilfield by water injection test, plunger pump to transport crude oil, because oil dynamic viscosity, pump fluid into the valve of the hydraulic loss is greatly increased; the plunger suction stroke time, crude oil not under the action of atmospheric pressure smooth full plunger hydraulic cylinder. Piston pump displacement is reduced, unable to reach the rated flow value, vibration and noise. According to the principle of conservation of energy, the plunger pump displacement can be solved by improving the entrance decline before the original level can approach for the design of a crude oil conveying shaft installed in the plunger pump to reach the entrance to improve the energy of the oil pump, ensure the piston pump rated output displacement.
The traditional design method of axial flow pump blade hub and the rim angle difference, leaf distortion; actual effect design of axis plane velocity and outlet ring is equal to the quantity is not ideal. The streamline method of axial flow pump hydraulic model design, selection of the incidence angle from hub to tip gradually increased, the range of 0 DEG 3 degrees. Crude oil than water dynamic viscosity, the characteristic curve of the axial flow pump conveying water and oil medium are different; using the FLUENT numerical simulation, comparative analysis of two kinds of medium characteristic curve by adjusting the blade hub around the center of rotation of the length of the chord angle to determine the processing parameters of the prototype oil conveying axial flow pump performance test. Two groups of crude oil flow piston pump installation without axial flow pump and axial flow pump in the laboratory, comparative analysis of piston pump performance improvement.
Numerical simulation results show that the two kinds of medium characteristic curve is geometrically similar, while crude oil flow has decreased and the efficiency of hydraulic lift and viscous force consume 50%, while a similar curve flow interval compared with the transport of water is more wide, better adaptability, better conditions can be adjusted. The plunger pump can adjust the flow within the scope of comparison found 0 to -4 degrees around the center of rotation of the hub airfoil chord angle, rotation angle of -4 degrees can guarantee the required lift and hydraulic efficiency such as the more high, prototype machining parameters. The experimental data table of the plunger pump outlet pressure from the 1.0MPa gradually increased to the rated pressure of 2.5MPa, after the installation of axial flow pump the displacement of the piston pump, improve the pump efficiency, the rated pressure is higher than 85%. in Liaohe oil field tests show that the piston pump with axial flow pump flow at rated pressure reaches the rated value and efficiency, pump efficiency When the axial flow pump is not installed, it is increased by 31.6%, and the vibration noise is in accordance with the limit requirement.
The inlet port of the plunger pump is booster by adding axial pump, which has a practical reference for improving the flow rate of the crude oil delivery piston pump, lowering the pump efficiency and increasing the vibration and noise.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH312

【参考文献】