基于PLC技术的空压机排气压力性能试验自动检测与控制系统的研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 04:09

本文选题：空压机 + 性能检测　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：空压机是一种应用广泛的通用型机械设备，其性能直接影响到它的应用。国内外科研院校和企业在空压机性能检测与控制方法领域进行了大量的研究，但目前其自动化水平和控制方式比较落后；本文依据江苏大学流体试验室提出的空压机性能试验装置的技术要求，对其测控系统和控制策略进行了设计与研究，实际运行测试表明该试验装置能完成压缩机的自动化检测，减小人工强度，，为江苏大学流体机械试验室的本科生、硕士生、博士生针对空压机性能试验自动化检测的研究提供了基础实验平台，也可以作为科研、企业和委托检测的专业试验设备。文中针对空压机性能试验台运转平稳可靠和无异常振动、转速和排气压力调整方便稳定的要求，对其性能试验台进行了总体设计；根据江苏大学对该试验装置提出的技术要求和空气压缩的特性，对空压机性能试验台的关键部件进行了选型和研究；在电机转速控制上采用变频恒转矩控制方式，实现了电机低速稳定运转；系统测控采用S7-200PLC模块作为数据采集和控制模块以及提出了基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器软件设计；为了保证数据的真实性和稳定性，针对本项目中出现的各种电磁干扰现象，给出了正确的理论分析，提出了有效的解决方案；试验表明该方案具有稳定、快速、高效计算的特点。根据空压机性能检测过程中需要对排气压力进行精确控制的要求，提出了PID控制方案，文中采用阶跃响应法得到排气压力的数学模型，在该数学模型的基础上利用MATLAB仿真软件对该排气压力系统进行了PID控制研究，通过PID参数整定，得到了满意的控制效果，将整定后得到的PID参数应用到实际的控制方案中，实际运行表明，该控制方案能完成排气压力的精确控制。经过理论和实际数据分析，该试验装置达到国内先进水平。
[Abstract]:Air compressor is a kind of universal mechanical equipment which is widely used, and its performance directly affects its application.A great deal of research has been done in the field of air compressor performance detection and control methods in domestic and foreign scientific research colleges and enterprises, but its automation level and control mode are relatively backward at present.According to the technical requirements of the air compressor performance test device put forward by the fluid laboratory of Jiangsu University, this paper designs and studies its measurement and control system and control strategy. The actual operation test shows that the test device can complete the automatic test of the compressor.The reduction of artificial strength provides a basic experimental platform for undergraduate, master's and doctoral students in fluid machinery laboratory of Jiangsu University to study the automatic test of air compressor performance, and can also be used as scientific research.Enterprises and professional testing equipment commissioned.In order to meet the requirements of stable and reliable operation and no abnormal vibration of the air compressor performance test bed and convenient and stable adjustment of the rotational speed and exhaust pressure, the overall design of the performance test bed is carried out in this paper.According to the technical requirements and the characteristics of air compression proposed by Jiangsu University, the key components of the air compressor performance test rig are selected and studied, and the frequency conversion constant torque control mode is adopted in the motor speed control.In order to ensure the authenticity and stability of the data, the S7-200PLC module is used as the data acquisition and control module, and the software design of virtual instrument based on LabVIEW is put forward in order to ensure the authenticity and stability of the data.In view of the various electromagnetic interference phenomena in this project, the correct theoretical analysis is given, and an effective solution is put forward, which is proved to be stable, fast and efficient in calculation.According to the requirement of accurate control of exhaust pressure in the process of air compressor performance testing, the PID control scheme is put forward, and the mathematical model of exhaust pressure is obtained by step response method in this paper.On the basis of the mathematical model, the PID control of the exhaust pressure system is studied by using the MATLAB simulation software. By setting the PID parameters, the satisfactory control effect is obtained. The PID parameters after setting are applied to the actual control scheme.The actual operation shows that the control scheme can achieve the accurate control of exhaust pressure.Through theoretical and practical data analysis, the experimental equipment reached the advanced level in China.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH45;TP274

【参考文献】