基于碳排放评估的低碳制造工艺规划决策模型及应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 07:27

本文选题：低碳制造 + 碳排放广义特性函数　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：我国机械制造业具有量大面广的特点，资源消耗和碳排放总量巨大，实施低碳制造的迫切性不容忽视，机械制造过程作为产品全生命周期内消耗资源、产生碳排放的重要环节，对于实施低碳制造具有重要意义。工艺规划作为连接设计与制造间的桥梁，对其规划过程进行低碳优化是实现零件制造过程低碳化行之有效的方法。本论文在国家自然科学基金项目(编号：51075415)、重庆市自然科学基金计划项目(编号：CSTC2010BB0055)、贵州省社会发展攻关项目(编号：黔科合SY字(2013)3098号)的资助下，通过对制造工艺及工艺链碳排放评估方法研究，，对低碳机械制造工艺规划决策方法理论进行系统研究。首先，综合现有工艺规划流程及低碳制造内涵，提出面向低碳制造的机械工艺规划实施策略，并建立低碳制造工艺规划体系结构，明确机械制造过程碳排放构成，提出低碳制造的工艺规划决策方法选择理论。其次，基于机械制造过程的碳排放特性，明确制造过程中各类碳排放的评估边界，提出机械制造过程碳排放工艺特性函数的概念。结合机械制造工艺过程输入输出特性，建立典型工艺碳排放广义特性函数集，为多元、复杂、动态的机械制造工艺及设备碳排放输入输出控制特性提供函数化描述和量化估算方法。结合机械制造过程碳排放广义特性函数，提出面向低碳制造的机械制造工艺方案选择及其参数优化模型，通过构建低能耗、低成本、高生产率的低碳制造切削参数优化目标决策函数，利用遗传算法进行最优解搜索以获得低碳切削参数，并结合目标函数实现低碳加工方法的选择。基于以上讨论，提出面向低碳制造的机械制造工序顺序优化决策模型，以成本指数及工艺碳排放构成多目标决策函数，以制造过程碳排放广义特性函数作为评估工具，对工艺计划进行碳排放估算，采用遗传算法实现全局最优搜索，最终获得相对最优的低碳工艺路线。最后，介绍了一种面向低碳制造的计算机辅助工艺规划系统，该系统可以辅助规划设计人员完成低碳工艺路线的设计，并可实现对工艺文件的管理、工序碳排放估算等功能。通过该系统可实现低碳制造数据、流程和评估结果与计算机工艺规划系统信息共享与集成，是企业实施低碳制造信息化的有效工具。
[Abstract]:The mechanical manufacturing industry in China has the characteristics of large quantity and wide range, huge consumption of resources and total amount of carbon emissions, so the urgency of implementing low-carbon manufacturing can not be ignored. As an important link in the whole life cycle of products, mechanical manufacturing process consumes resources and produces carbon emissions.For the implementation of low-carbon manufacturing is of great significance.Process planning is a bridge between design and manufacture. It is an effective method to realize low carbonization of parts manufacturing process by low carbon optimization of its planning process.This paper is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.: 51075415), the Project of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (No. 10: CSTC2010BB00555), the key Social Development Project of Guizhou Province (No. Qianke and sy), No. 3098,Based on the research of carbon emission assessment method of manufacturing process and process chain, the theory of process planning decision method for low carbon machinery manufacturing is studied systematically.Firstly, according to the existing process planning process and the connotation of low carbon manufacturing, the implementation strategy of low carbon manufacturing process planning is put forward, and the system structure of low carbon manufacturing process planning is established, and the composition of carbon emission in machinery manufacturing process is defined.The selection theory of process planning decision method for low carbon manufacturing is put forward.Secondly, based on the carbon emission characteristics of the mechanical manufacturing process, the evaluation boundary of various carbon emissions in the manufacturing process is defined, and the concept of the process characteristic function of the carbon emissions in the mechanical manufacturing process is put forward.Combined with the input and output characteristics of mechanical manufacturing process, the generalized characteristic function set of carbon emission from typical processes is established, which is multivariate and complex.Dynamic mechanical manufacturing process and equipment carbon emission input and output control characteristics provide a functional description and quantitative estimation method.Combined with the generalized characteristic function of carbon emission in mechanical manufacturing process, the process scheme selection and parameter optimization model for low carbon manufacturing are put forward, and the low energy consumption and low cost are constructed.The cutting parameters of low carbon manufacturing with high productivity are optimized by the objective decision function. The genetic algorithm is used to search the optimal solution to obtain the low carbon cutting parameters, and the selection of low carbon machining method is realized by combining the objective function.Based on the above discussion, a decision model of process sequence optimization for low carbon manufacturing is proposed. The multi-objective decision function is composed of cost index and process carbon emission, and the generalized characteristic function of carbon emission in manufacturing process is used as an evaluation tool.To estimate the carbon emission of the process plan, the genetic algorithm is used to realize the global optimal search, and finally the relatively optimal low-carbon process route is obtained.Finally, a kind of computer aided process planning system for low carbon manufacturing is introduced. The system can assist planners to complete the design of low carbon process route, and can realize the management of process documents and the estimation of process carbon emission.This system can realize the information sharing and integration of low carbon manufacturing data, process flow and evaluation results and computer process planning system. It is an effective tool for enterprises to implement low carbon manufacturing information.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH16

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