汽车起重机起升液压系统性能分析及实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 06:25

本文选题：起重机 + 起升系统　；参考：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：起重机是工程机械重要的组成部分,在城建、水利、矿场和国防等工程领域中都有着广泛的应用。但当前对于起升系统的设计优化,往往还停留在依托经验和样机试验的方法,不但存在设计周期长的缺点,设计不准确以及财物浪费也是不得不面对的问题。在起重机液压系统的设计过程中除了要分析静态特性,还要考虑动态特性是否满足系统工作需求,而起升系统作为起重机的核心系统,其动态性能的好坏直接影响起重机整机的工作性能,故对起升系统的研究就十分必要。在建立正确的仿真模型后,利用仿真手段得到系统内各液压元件相关参数对系统动态响应特性的影响,在分析仿真曲线基础上,通过改变液压元件参数达到优化系统动态响应特性的目的。即首先准确建立数字化系统虚拟样机,选取一种合适的优化方法修正各个尺寸参数以使其动态特性达到整体最优。本课题就是基于以上思想,以起重机起升系统为研究对象,依托AMESim软件平台,进行仿真分析和优化设计。本文的核心思想在于提出在设计完成后先对系统进行计算机仿真,初步了解液压系统运行时的各种特性,并对设计不合理之处进行优化设计,从而减少设计的盲目性,确保试车时的安全性和稳定性,并缩短设计周期,提高经济效益。基于此,本文研究首先论述了起重机起升系统存在的二次起升现象及解决二次起升现象的基本途径。此后介绍了起升机构的几种典型型式及常见的起升液压原理图,在此基础上提出本课题研究的液压系统原理图,根据系统性能需求,计算得到相关技术匹配参数。然后,建立了基于功率键合图方法的液压起重机动力学模型,并推导出起升机构起升回路的数学模型。最后依托AMESim软件平台以及实验曲线,建立并修正起升液压系统仿真模型,分析了影响系统动态特性的主要因素,并进一步对起升系统重要部件平衡阀进行优化,并且在仿真模型中验证优化的可行性。
[Abstract]:Crane is an important part of construction machinery. It is widely used in urban construction, water conservancy, mine and national defense. However, at present, the design optimization of hoisting system often depends on the experience and the method of prototype test, which not only has the shortcoming of long design period, but also has to face the problem of inaccurate design and waste of property. In the design process of the hydraulic system of crane, besides analyzing static characteristic, it is necessary to consider whether the dynamic characteristic meets the requirement of the system, and the hoisting system is the core system of crane. Its dynamic performance directly affects the working performance of the whole crane, so it is necessary to study the hoisting system. After the establishment of the correct simulation model, the influence of the relative parameters of the hydraulic components on the dynamic response characteristics of the system is obtained by means of simulation. Based on the analysis of the simulation curve, The dynamic response characteristics of the system can be optimized by changing the parameters of hydraulic components. That is to say, firstly, the virtual prototype of the digital system is built accurately, and a suitable optimization method is selected to modify the parameters of each dimension to achieve the overall optimal dynamic characteristics. This subject is based on the above idea, the crane hoisting system as the research object, relying on the AMESim software platform, simulation analysis and optimization design. The core idea of this paper is to carry on the computer simulation to the system after the design is completed, to understand the various characteristics of the hydraulic system when it is running, and to optimize the design for the unreasonable design, so as to reduce the blindness of the design. To ensure the safety and stability, shorten the design cycle and improve economic efficiency. Based on this, this paper first discusses the secondary hoisting phenomenon of crane hoisting system and the basic ways to solve the secondary hoisting phenomenon. After that, several typical types of hoisting mechanism and common lifting hydraulic schematic diagram are introduced. On this basis, the hydraulic system schematic diagram studied in this paper is put forward. According to the system performance requirements, relevant technical matching parameters are calculated. Then, the dynamic model of hydraulic crane based on power bond graph method is established, and the mathematical model of hoisting loop of hoisting mechanism is derived. Finally, based on the AMESim software platform and experimental curve, the simulation model of hoisting hydraulic system is established and revised, and the main factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed, and the balance valve of the important part of the hoisting system is further optimized. The feasibility of the optimization is verified in the simulation model.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH213.6

【引证文献】