液压破碎锤虚拟样机技术的研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 09:47

本文选题：液压破碎锤 + 虚拟样机技术　；参考：《上海工程技术大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：液压破碎锤是一种将液压能转化为机械冲击能的破碎工具，以液体压力驱动活塞往复运动做功，对外输出能量进行工作。随着我国基础设施建设和能源交通的发展，对液压破碎锤的需求量也与日俱增。因此如何完善产品设计方法，调高产品性能，在市场竞争日益激烈的当今社会显得尤为重要。本文以某型号液压破碎锤为研究对象，在总结国内外液压破碎锤仿真技术和优化研究方案的基础上，采用计算机模拟和试验测试相结合的技术路线，对液压破碎锤进行了联合仿真分析和试验研究，在此基础上以提高液压破碎锤的冲击能为目的，对其虚拟样机模型的结构参数进行了优化。主要工作如下：（1）以多体动力学理论为参数化建模的基础，将在CATIA中建立的液压破碎锤三维装配模型导入ADAMS中，通过设定活塞和阀芯换向信号口的位置；建立反映系统运动状态的测量；创建系统的输入变量和输出变量，最终在ADAMS/View中建立了液压破碎锤的参数化模型，为后续的仿真即优化提供了匹配的样机模型。（2）在一定假设条件下，，建立了活塞和阀芯运动过程的数学模型，将活塞和阀芯的运动过程划分为6个状态，并在MATLAB/Simulink环境下建立其控制系统模型，在此基础上对液压破碎锤系统进行了联合仿真。从仿真结果推算得出的性能参数与厂家提供的数据相近，说明模型的建立和控制的施加是可靠的，从而为液压破碎锤系统的性能分析提供了一个理想的平台。（3）通过试验研究，测得系统在不同氮气室初始压力、不同系统输入流量下的相关数据，分析得到冲击性能随输入参数不同的变化规律。在同样的系统输入下，将试验测得的氮气室压力和活塞速度曲线与液压破碎锤虚拟样机的仿真结果进行了对比分析，证明了液压破碎锤虚拟样机模型建立的合理性。（4）基于参数化分析方法，通过对液压破碎锤虚拟样机模型中活塞系统和换向阀芯系统结构参数的设计研究、试验研究和优化分析，获得一组最优的设计参数，减小了原样机模型中活塞前后作用面积比和阀芯前后作用面积比，改变了活塞和阀芯换向信号口的位置，最终使得液压破碎锤的冲击能得到提高。通过上述工作成功地将虚拟样机技术引入到液压破碎锤的研究与开发领域，不但具有理论意义，而且具有一定的实用价值。这将为液压破碎锤的产品开发搭建一个良好的平台，为全面研究其理论、优化其性能提供可靠的虚拟样机模型。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic crushing hammer is a kind of crushing tool which converts hydraulic energy into mechanical impact energy. It uses liquid pressure to drive piston reciprocating to do work and output energy to work. With the development of infrastructure and energy transportation in China, the demand for hydraulic hammer is increasing day by day. Therefore, how to improve the product design method and improve the product performance is particularly important in today's society where the market competition is increasingly fierce. This paper takes a certain type of hydraulic crushing hammer as the research object, on the basis of summing up the domestic and foreign hydraulic crushing hammer simulation technology and optimization research scheme, adopts the technical route of combining computer simulation with test and test. In order to improve the impact energy of hydraulic crushing hammer, the structural parameters of its virtual prototype model are optimized. The main tasks are as follows: 1) based on the theory of multi-body dynamics, the three-dimensional assembly model of hydraulic crushing hammer established in CATIA is introduced into ADAMS, the position of piston and valve core commutative signal port is set up, and the measurement of system motion state is established. The input and output variables of the system are created, and the parameterized model of the hydraulic hammer is established in ADAMS/View, which provides a matching prototype model for the subsequent simulation. 2) under certain hypothetical conditions, the mathematical model of the motion process of piston and valve core is established. The motion process of piston and valve core is divided into six states, and its control system model is established under the environment of MATLAB/Simulink. On this basis, the hydraulic crushing hammer system is simulated. The calculated performance parameters from the simulation results are close to the data provided by the manufacturer, which shows that the establishment of the model and the application of control are reliable, thus providing an ideal platform for the performance analysis of the hydraulic crushing hammer system. 3) through the experimental study, the relative data of the system under different nitrogen chamber initial pressure and different system input flow rate are measured, and the law of impact performance varying with input parameters is obtained. Under the same system input, the simulation results of nitrogen chamber pressure and piston velocity measured by the test are compared with the simulation results of the hydraulic hammer virtual prototype, which proves the rationality of the establishment of the hydraulic crushing hammer virtual prototype model. Based on the parameterized analysis method, a set of optimal design parameters are obtained by studying the structural parameters of piston system and reversing valve core system in the virtual prototype model of hydraulic crushing hammer. The ratio of piston front and back area to valve core is reduced in the original prototype model, and the position of piston and valve core commutative signal port is changed, finally, the impact energy of hydraulic hammer is improved. The virtual prototyping technology has been successfully introduced into the research and development field of hydraulic crushing hammer through the above work, which is not only of theoretical significance, but also of certain practical value. This will set up a good platform for the product development of hydraulic hammer, and provide a reliable virtual prototype model for the comprehensive study of its theory and optimization of its performance.
【学位授予单位】：上海工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137.9

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