5t吊车支撑梁的结构设计及其轻量化研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 23:02

本文选题：吊车支撑梁 + 结构设计　；参考：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：吊车是现代钢结构厂房中常配的起重运输设备，作为吊车系统中重要构件之一的吊车支撑梁结构，其设计的好坏将直接影响到吊车的安全稳定运行。然而吊车支撑梁的用钢量占钢结构厂房用钢总量的1/4～1/3，因此在满足支撑梁性能要求的前提下，对吊车支撑梁结构开展轻量化设计是非常有必要的。本文将以某企业需安装5t吊车的支撑梁为研究对象，对其开展优化设计及轻量化研究，具体研究内容体现在下列5个方面。 1.根据企业需安装5t吊车的实际工况，参照GB50017-2003对吊车支撑梁进行结构设计，确定工字形截面结构及其参数，并对其进行强度、刚度和稳定性等方面的验算。 2.建立吊车支撑梁结构分析的有限元分析模型，分别完成了简支和固支约束的结构分析，得到了吊车支撑梁的变形位移与应力分布规律；探讨了3种突缘式支座结构类型及其参数对支撑梁刚度和强度的影响，并得到了相应的结论和建议。 3.以重量最小化为目标函数，建立了支撑梁的形状优化模型，分别得到了简支和固支约束下的优化形状，，并与优化前的结构进行了对比分析，所得结果显示优化后的支撑梁结构能够节省10%的钢材。 4.以支撑梁的刚度为约束条件、最小化重量为目标函数，建立了支撑梁的拓扑优化模型，通过拓扑优化结果提取了加劲肋板的布置方案，并与常规布置方案进行了对比分析，所得结果显示通过拓扑优化能够节省钢材21.35%。 5.针对2种加劲肋布置方案，开展了支撑梁结构的模态分析，所得结果显示拓扑优化后得到的加劲肋布置方案，不仅能够提高支撑梁的固有频率，而且能减少振型中的最大变形位移，这说明优化后的加劲肋布置方案提高了支撑梁的抗振能力。总之，本文是对吊车支撑梁结构进行轻量化设计的一种尝试，所得结果及其方法对于吊车支撑梁结构的设计具有一定的指导作用。
[Abstract]:The crane is a heavy transportation equipment used in the modern steel structure factory. As one of the important components of the crane system, the crane support beam structure will directly affect the safe and stable operation of the crane. However, the steel amount of the crane supporting beam is 1/4 to 1/3 of the steel structure of the steel structure plant, so the performance of the supporting beam is satisfied. Under the premise of the request, it is very necessary to carry out the lightweight design of the crane's supporting beam structure. This paper will take the support beam of a 5T crane as the research object, and carry out the optimization design and the lightweight research. The specific research content is embodied in the following 5 aspects.
1. according to the actual working conditions of the 5T crane to be installed by the enterprise, the structure of the crane support beam is designed with reference to GB50017-2003, and the structure of the I-section and its parameters are determined, and the strength, stiffness and stability of the crane are checked.
2. the finite element analysis model of the structural analysis of the crane supporting beam is established. The structural analysis of the simple support and the support constraint is completed respectively. The deformation displacement and stress distribution of the crane support beam are obtained, and the influence of the structure type and its parameters on the rigidity and strength of the supporting beam is discussed, and the corresponding conclusions and construction are obtained. Argumentative.
3. by minimizing the weight as the objective function, the shape optimization model of the supporting beam is established. The optimized shape under the constraint of simple support and solid support is obtained respectively, and the structure is compared with the structure before the optimization. The results show that the optimized support beam structure can save 10% of the steel.
4. taking the stiffness of the supporting beam as the constraint condition and minimizing the weight as the objective function, the topology optimization model of the supporting beam is established. The arrangement of stiffened ribs is extracted by the topology optimization results, and the comparison analysis is carried out with the conventional layout scheme. The results show that the steel 21.35%. can be saved by the extension optimization.
5. according to the 2 stiffener layout schemes, the modal analysis of the supporting beam structure is carried out. The results show that the stiffener arrangement after topology optimization can not only improve the natural frequency of the supporting beam, but also reduce the maximum deformation displacement in the vibration mode, which shows that the optimized arrangement of stiffeners improves the anti vibration energy of the supporting beam. Power.
In a word, this paper is an attempt on the lightweight design of the crane's supporting beam structure. The results and its method have a certain guiding role for the design of the structure of the crane supporting beam.

【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH21

【参考文献】