超精密气磁轴承主轴系统静动力学特性及主轴控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 10:38

本文选题：气磁轴承 + 主轴　；参考：《东北林业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：气体轴承和磁悬浮轴承是目前回转精度最高的轴承,在军事、航天、计算机等领域得到了广泛的应用。静压气体轴承具有摩擦极小、无渗漏、无污染等优点,但不易于控制,加工难度高。磁轴承具有无磨损、可控性好等优点。本文首先阐述了气体轴承和磁轴承的发展概况,并详细阐述了两种轴承的分类和特点。由于静压气体轴承和磁轴承各自所表现出来的优点可以相互弥补彼此的不足,静压气体轴承与磁悬浮轴承的联合使用可以提高轴系的回转精度。本文研究了一种超精密气磁轴承主轴系统,并对系统各轴承的形式及参数进行了分析。系统由两个静压气体轴承和两个主动磁轴承作为径向轴承,由一个止推磁轴承作为轴向轴承,这些轴承组成了主轴系统的支撑结构。本文经过对超精密气磁轴承主轴系统结构的研究,推导出系统五自由度动力学模型,分析了主轴高速转动时的陀螺偶合效应。通过雷诺方程的推导,根据所设计的轴承参数,采用有限元分析方法研究了静压气体轴承和磁轴承的静态特性,分析了静压气体轴承在静态条件下,刚度、偏心率、承载力之间的关系。对磁轴承电磁力进行了数学建模和仿真分析。采用转动坐标系和静态网格相结合的方法研究了主轴系统中的静压气体轴承的动态特性,分析了动态阻尼和刚度的变化规律。气磁轴承静态特性和动态特性计算分析结果为改进气磁轴承的结构和提高其性能提供了理论依据。本文应用MATLAB语言对主轴的控制系统进行了仿真分析,设计了主轴的PID控制器,并使用Simulink对PID控制性能进行仿真,仿真结果证明了PID控制主轴系统的可行性与稳定性。
[Abstract]:The gas bearing and magnetic suspension bearing are the most rotating bearings with the highest rotation accuracy . It is widely used in the fields of military , aerospace , computer and so on . The static pressure gas bearing has the advantages of very little friction , no leakage , no pollution and the like , but it is not easy to control . The magnetic bearing has the advantages of no abrasion , good controllability , etc . The development of the gas bearing and magnetic bearing is first described , and the classification and characteristics of the two bearings are expounded in detail .

Because the advantages of the static pressure gas bearing and the magnetic bearing can compensate each other , the combined use of the static pressure gas bearing and the magnetic suspension bearing can improve the rotation precision of the shafting . The system consists of two static pressure gas bearings and two active magnetic bearings as radial bearings , and a thrust magnetic bearing is used as the axial bearing , and the bearings form the supporting structure of the spindle system .

The dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic gas bearing and magnetic bearing are analyzed by means of finite element analysis method . The dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic gas bearing and magnetic bearing are analyzed by means of finite element analysis method . The dynamic characteristics of static pressure gas bearing in spindle system are analyzed by means of finite element analysis method .

In this paper , the control system of the main shaft is simulated and analyzed by MATLAB language , the PID controller of the main shaft is designed , and the PID control performance is simulated using Simulink , and the simulation results show the feasibility and stability of the PID control spindle system .

【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH133.3

【参考文献】