大型冷却塔风机运行状态监测与故障诊断方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 22:28

本文选题：冷却塔风机 + 故障诊断　；参考：《天津科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：冷却塔风机是利用空气冷却水的装置,是石油、化工、电力、冶金等多种行业循环水系统中的关键设备之一,其主要作用是将热的工业用水强迫冷却。因此为保证冷却塔风机的冷却效果,研究冷却塔风机运行状态监测和故障诊断方法具有重要现实意义。本课题研究的主要目的是通过对冷却塔风机故障机理和监测方法进行研究,针对容易造成重大安全事故的传动轴和叶片断裂甩出这两种故障,提出一种安全可靠、成本较低、适用于冷却塔风机的监测方法,并以中石化天津分公司的冷却塔风机为实验研究对象,设计出基于单片机和基于PLC的两种冷却塔风机故障监测系统。生产实践证明,本监测方法提高了冷却塔风机故障监测的可靠性,具有良好的推广应用价值。本课题的主要研究成果包括： (1)深入研究冷却塔风机的结构特点及风机的变频调速原理和方法,并对冷却塔风机可能出现的各种故障类型进行详细分析,通过断口分析,找出冷却塔风机传动轴、叶片断裂机理和原因。 (2)在对现有故障诊断方法进行研究的基础上,根据传动轴和叶片的故障机理,提出一种新型传动轴和叶片故障监测方法——联轴器位移监测法和叶尖计时监测法。 (3)研究采用单片机作为控制核心的冷却塔风机故障监测系统的实现方法。利用单片机的定时、中断功能分析处理脉冲信号,设计了风机叶片故障监测系统与传动轴故障监测系统,实现在叶片、传动轴发生断裂或严重变形时风机可以报警停机。 (4)设计基于WinCC组态软件及西门子S7-200可编程控制器的冷却塔风机故障监测系统,实现以冷却塔风机叶片、传动轴、减速箱油温等为监测对象的监测系统设计。
[Abstract]:Cooling tower fan is one of the key equipments in circulating water system of petroleum, chemical, electric power, metallurgy and other industries. Its main function is to force the cooling of hot industrial water. Therefore, in order to ensure the cooling effect of cooling tower fan, it is of great practical significance to study the monitoring and fault diagnosis method of cooling tower fan. The main purpose of this paper is to study the fault mechanism and monitoring method of cooling tower fan. Aiming at the breakage of transmission shaft and blade which is easy to cause serious safety accidents, this paper puts forward a kind of safety and reliability with low cost. This paper applies to the monitoring method of cooling tower fan, and takes the cooling tower fan of Sinopec Tianjin Branch as the experimental research object, designs two kinds of cooling tower fan fault monitoring system based on single chip computer and PLC. The production practice proves that this monitoring method improves the reliability of fan fault monitoring of cooling tower and has a good value of popularization and application. The main research results of this topic include: 1) deeply study the structure characteristics of cooling tower fan and the principle and method of variable frequency speed regulation of fan, and analyze in detail various kinds of faults that may occur in cooling tower fan, and find out the driving shaft of cooling tower fan through fracture analysis. The mechanism and cause of blade fracture. 2) based on the research of the existing fault diagnosis methods and according to the fault mechanism of the transmission shaft and blade, a new fault monitoring method of the drive shaft and blade is proposed, namely, the coupling displacement monitoring method and the blade tip timing monitoring method. The realization method of fan fault monitoring system of cooling tower using single chip microcomputer as control core is studied. Based on the timing and interrupt function of single chip microcomputer, the fault monitoring system of fan blade and the fault monitoring system of drive shaft are designed. The system can alarm and shut down when the blade or shaft is broken or seriously deformed. Based on WinCC configuration software and Siemens S7-200 Programmable Logic Controller, the fault monitoring system of cooling tower fan is designed. The monitoring system is designed with cooling tower fan blade, transmission shaft, decelerator oil temperature and so on.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH165.3;TP274

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