基于子结构综合法的塔式起重机动态特性分析

发布时间：2018-05-03 09:37

本文选题：塔式起重机 + 动态特性　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代建筑、工业行业的快速发展，塔式起重机在高层建筑项目中的应用也更加广泛。现代建筑施工要求提高的同时对塔机的使用性能也提出了更高的要求。由于塔机常处于不同的工作状态，运动耦合会使结构受到冲击振动，随着塔机结构尺寸，工作速度的提高这种冲击振动带来的影响就更加突出。然而目前国内外的起重机设计规范中都没有对塔机的动态特性问题提出明确的规定。由于塔式起重机结构复杂，自由度较多，对其进行动态分析过程繁琐计算量大。本文针对这一问题，通过建立塔机的等效模型，提出一种利用模态综合理论对塔机的动态特性进行快速分析的方法，为塔机的动态特性分析提供参考。为详尽了解塔机的动态特性，本文阐述了复杂结构的塔机建模过程中相关构件的处理原则以及利用有限元软件分析的建模过程，建立了工程应用的塔机完整有限元模型并进行了动态分析，为后续的计算分析提供依据。对所建立的格构式塔机模型进行了子结构的划分，并利用固定界面模态综合法对所得的各子结构进行分析以及整体结构的综合求解，与有限元完整模型结果对比分析可知，动态子结构方法在实际应用中能够快速简便的对系统进行求解并保持较高的计算精度与效率。以完整有限元模型的结果作为参照构建了塔机的等效模型，等效后的模型具有结构简单，自由度少的优点。将等效模型进行相应的子结构划分并利用固定界面模态综合法对各子结构进行分析计算，得到了每个子结构的特性矩阵，利用每个子结构的特性矩阵可快速进行系统的组装，，得到系统的动态特性，达到便捷地进行塔机动态分析的目的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern architecture and industrial industry, tower cranes are widely used in high-rise building projects. At the same time, higher requirements for the use of tower cranes are put forward while the construction requirements of modern buildings are improved. Because the tower crane is often in different working state, the motion coupling will cause the structure to be subjected to shock vibration, with the tower crane structure size, the impact of the impact vibration caused by the increase of working speed is more prominent. However, there is no explicit regulation on the dynamic characteristics of tower crane in the crane design code at home and abroad. Because the structure of tower crane is complex and the degree of freedom is more, the dynamic analysis process of tower crane is very complicated. In order to solve this problem, by establishing the equivalent model of tower crane, this paper puts forward a method to analyze the dynamic characteristics of tower crane by means of modal synthesis theory, which provides a reference for the dynamic characteristic analysis of tower crane. In order to understand the dynamic characteristics of tower crane in detail, this paper describes the principles of dealing with relevant components in the modeling process of tower crane with complex structure and the modeling process using finite element software. The complete finite element model of tower crane used in engineering is established and dynamic analysis is carried out, which provides the basis for subsequent calculation and analysis. The substructure of the lattice tower crane model is divided, and the substructure is analyzed by the fixed interface modal synthesis method and the whole structure is solved synthetically. The results are compared with the results of the complete finite element model. Dynamic substructure method can be used to solve the system quickly and easily, and maintain high accuracy and efficiency. The equivalent model of tower crane is constructed with the result of complete finite element model as reference. The equivalent model has the advantages of simple structure and less degree of freedom. The equivalent model is divided into corresponding substructures and the fixed interface modal synthesis method is used to analyze and calculate each substructure. The characteristic matrix of each substructure is obtained, and the system can be assembled quickly by using the characteristic matrix of each substructure. The dynamic characteristics of the system are obtained, and the purpose of dynamic analysis of tower crane is achieved conveniently.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.3

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