三叶罗茨鼓风机振动噪声测试分析与风机测试车间安全评价

发布时间：2018-05-04 16:03

本文选题：罗茨鼓风机 + 噪声　；参考：《中国石油大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：罗茨鼓风机由于其结构简单、操作容易、供风稳定、介质不易被污染等优点而广泛应用于多个行业。然而,罗茨鼓风机在使用过程中的噪声问题十分突出,不仅对环境造成了污染,还危害到工人的身心健康,这一直是限制其使用、影响其市场竞争力的一个重要因素。本文对现场运行的三叶罗茨鼓风机进行噪声信号的采集与分析,研究风机振动噪声的危害,为风机的噪声控制提供理论支持;并且对风机测试车间的工作环境进行安全现状评价,针对评价结果提出一系列的改进措施。在对设备进行检测的过程中,有时由于测试环境的限制无法直接接触被测对象,这时就需要用到非接触式检测,而对噪声信号的检测是一种方便易实现的非接触式检测方法。本文参照《风机和罗茨风机噪声测量方法(GB/T2888-2008)》,并结合所测风机型号确定噪声测点布置方案;利用北京东方振动和噪声技术研究所的DASP-V10数据采集和信号处理系统在现场采集三叶罗茨鼓风机振动噪声信号,并对采集的噪声信号进行自谱分析、倍频程谱分析、自相关分析,同时与振动信号进行互相关分析,确定风机噪声源以空气动力性噪声和机械噪声为主,其中机械噪声主要由风机壳体的垂直方向振动引起的。分析风机振动噪声对人员、安全生产及设备的影响;从响度级、等效连续A声级、人耳对噪声的烦恼度等方面对风机噪声进行评价,并且对工人佩戴个体防噪用品后人耳的感受做出评价;评价风机振动强度对人体的影响。将综合安全评价(FSA)的思想运用到风机测试车间的安全评价中,利用“人—机—环境—管理”的理论建立车间安全指标体系,并采用层次分析法确定各安全影响因素的权重,用模糊综合评价的方法对风机测试车间进行风险评价。根据评价结果和车间实际情况,提出行之有效的改进措施。
[Abstract]:Roots blower is widely used in many industries because of its simple structure, easy operation, stable supply of air, and the medium is not easily polluted. However, the noise problem of Roots blower is very prominent, which not only pollutes the environment, but also harms workers' physical and mental health, which is an important factor to restrict their use and affect their market competitiveness. In this paper, the noise signal of the three-leaf Roots blower is collected and analyzed, and the harm of the vibration noise of the fan is studied, which provides the theoretical support for the noise control of the fan. The working environment of fan test workshop is evaluated and a series of improvement measures are put forward. In the process of detecting the equipment, it is sometimes impossible to contact the object directly because of the limitation of the test environment, so it is necessary to use non-contact detection, and the detection of noise signal is a convenient and easy to realize non-contact detection method. In this paper, the noise measurement method of blower and Roots fan (GBR / T2888-2008) is referred to, and the layout of noise measuring point is determined by combining the type of fan measured. Using the DASP-V10 data acquisition and signal processing system of Beijing Oriental Vibration and noise Technology Research Institute, the vibration and noise signals of the three-leaf Roots blower are collected on the spot, and the noise signals collected are analyzed by self-spectrum analysis, frequency-doubling spectrum analysis and autocorrelation analysis. By cross-correlation analysis with the vibration signal, it is determined that the noise source of the fan is mainly aerodynamic noise and mechanical noise, in which the mechanical noise is mainly caused by the vertical vibration of the fan shell. This paper analyzes the influence of fan vibration and noise on personnel, safety production and equipment, evaluates fan noise from aspects of loudness level, equivalent continuous A sound level, human ear noise annoyance, etc. The effect of vibration intensity of fan on human body was evaluated. The idea of comprehensive safety assessment (FSA) is applied to the safety evaluation of fan test workshop. The safety index system of workshop is established by the theory of "man-machine-environment-management", and the weight of each safety influence factor is determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the risk of fan test workshop. According to the evaluation results and the actual situation of the workshop, effective improvement measures are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH444

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