跨国公司生产转移项目的计划与调度

发布时间：2018-05-11 13:27

本文选题：项目调度 + 生产转移　；参考：《上海交通大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化的日益加剧与中国市场的高速发展,越来越多的跨国公司在中国增加投资,并对华进行生产与技术转移。这些转移通常以原有的生产情况为基础,以项目的形式进行管理。此类项目涉及到企业生产中的诸多环节,其内容纷繁复杂,同时还涉及到国际间的团队合作,存在时差、距离问题与文化上的差异,因此都对项目管理提出了更高的要求。如何针对跨国公司生产转移类项目的特点与存在的问题制定合理的项目计划是保证项目顺利实施的关键,针对该问题本文就项目的计划编制与调度优化工作进行了研究。针对跨国公司生产转移类项目的特点,设计了模块化与工作分解结构相结合的计划编制方法,总结了编制计划的具体步骤。首先,运用模块化方法,将整个生产流程按照产品的生命周期分解为几大模块,明确了项目工作范围;其次,基于可交付成果的划分,运用工作分解结构方法将各模块的工作划分为较小的、便于管理的组成部分,并制定了详细的项目活动清单,对项目计划中的资源因素、时间因素与逻辑因素进行了分析与评估;最后,编制了网络图实现项目活动关系的可视化。通过研究常用的项目调度理论方法,结合项目执行时的需求,选择了合理的项目调度方法并做了有效的改进。本文具体研究了以工期最短为目标、具有不确定活动时间且资源有限的项目调度问题(FuzzyResource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem,简称FRCPSP),采用六点模糊数表示不确定活动时间,将模糊理论嵌套到改进的遗传算法中来优化项目调度的过程。本文以作者在法留学期间于某跨国公司实习中参与的对华生产转移项目为实例,制订了详细的项目计划,使用嵌套了模糊理论的遗传算法对此项目调度进行了优化,并根据这类项目的特点,对遗传算法的编码、解码、初始种群产生、选择、交叉、变异等操作进行了改进设计。通过Matlab仿真,验证了此调度方法在求解FRCPSP问题时的有效性。优化后得到的调度计划与原计划相比大大缩短了工期,且明确了各个活动的开始与结束时间及资源的分配使用情况。本文所提出的计划编制与调度优化方法具有工程实用性,可推广应用于生产转移类项目的管理之中。
[Abstract]:With the increasing economic globalization and the rapid development of the Chinese market, more and more multinational companies increase their investment in China, and carry out production and technology transfer to China. These transfers are usually based on the original production situation and managed in the form of a project. This kind of project involves many links in the enterprise production, its content is complicated, also involves the international team cooperation, exists the time difference, the distance question and the cultural difference, therefore all put forward the higher request to the project management. How to make a reasonable project plan according to the characteristics and existing problems of multinational production transfer projects is the key to ensure the smooth implementation of the project. In view of this problem, this paper studies the project planning and scheduling optimization work. According to the characteristics of production transfer projects in multinational companies, a planning method combining modularization and work breakdown structure is designed, and the concrete steps of compiling the plan are summarized. Firstly, the whole production process is decomposed into several modules according to the life cycle of the product by using modularization method, and the scope of work of the project is defined; secondly, based on the division of deliverables, The work of each module is divided into smaller, manageable components using the work breakdown structure method, and a detailed list of project activities is drawn up, and the resource factors in the project plan are analyzed. The time factor and logic factor are analyzed and evaluated. Finally, the network diagram is compiled to realize the visualization of the project activity relationship. Based on the research of common project scheduling theory and the requirements of project execution, a reasonable project scheduling method is selected and improved effectively. In this paper, the fuzzy Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem, (FRCPSPN), which aims at the shortest project duration, with uncertain activity time and limited resources, is studied, and the uncertain activity time is expressed by a six-point fuzzy number. The fuzzy theory is nested into the improved genetic algorithm to optimize the project scheduling process. In this paper, taking the project of production transfer to China which the author participated in the practice of a multinational company while studying in France as an example, the detailed project plan is worked out, and the scheduling of the project is optimized by using the genetic algorithm nested in fuzzy theory. According to the characteristics of this kind of items, the coding, decoding, initial population generation, selection, crossover, mutation and other operations of genetic algorithm are improved. The effectiveness of this scheduling method in solving FRCPSP problem is verified by Matlab simulation. Compared with the original plan, the optimized scheduling plan greatly shortens the duration, and clarifies the beginning and end time of each activity and the allocation and use of resources. The planning and scheduling optimization method proposed in this paper has engineering practicability and can be applied to the management of production transfer projects.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH186;F276.7;F273

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