基于ANSYS的门式起重机结构动态特性分析

发布时间：2018-05-13 23:39

本文选题：桁架门式起重机 + 有限元法　；参考：《长安大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的持续增长，现代化建设进程步伐的加快，国家对石化、钢铁、基础设施等方面投入的重视，起重机械行业也得到了相应快速发展。由于起重机在工作过程中受到不同程度的冲击和振动影响，，在对起重机械进行设计时就不得不考虑各种动载荷对机械结构的冲击效应，需要以动态设计的方法来对起重机械进行设计。随着有限元理论的日益成熟和完善，有限元分析方法在起重机机构受力分析和优化设计中的应用也越来越广泛。本文研究了有限元理论、机械振动理论、计算机辅助工程CAE分析方法，在总结实际工程经验的基础上对门式起重机结构进行分析研究，建立了合理的有限元模型，以求达到相对精确的分析结果。本文主要工作如下： 1.根据桁架门式起重机的结构特点，对门架结构进行适当简化，建立了能准确反映实际情况的有限元模型。 2.运用ANSYS中分块兰索斯法对门式起重机结构进行模态分析，得到了满载小车位于跨中时，门式起重机的前10阶固有频率和相应振型。 3.运用ANSYS中完全法对门式起重机结构进行瞬态响应分析，得到了满载小车位于跨中时，门式起重机受到起升载荷的冲击作用下，跨中的节点位移、速度以及加速度时间历程响应。 4.运用ANSYS优化设计模块对起重机的主梁结构进行了优化设计，优化后的主梁结构自重减少了33.84%，达到了减轻整机自重的目的。
[Abstract]:With the sustained growth of the national economy, the acceleration of the pace of modernization construction, and the attention paid by the state to petrochemical, steel, infrastructure and so on, the lifting machinery industry has also obtained the corresponding rapid development. Because the crane is affected by the impact and vibration in the working process, the impact effect of various dynamic loads on the mechanical structure has to be considered when the crane is designed. It is necessary to design the lifting machinery by dynamic design. With the maturation and perfection of finite element theory, the application of finite element analysis method in the stress analysis and optimization design of crane mechanism is more and more extensive. In this paper, the finite element theory, mechanical vibration theory and CAE analysis method of computer aided engineering are studied. The structure of gantry crane is analyzed and studied on the basis of summing up the practical engineering experience, and a reasonable finite element model is established. In order to achieve a relatively accurate analysis results. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. According to the structural characteristics of truss gantry crane, the structure of portal crane is simplified properly, and a finite element model which can accurately reflect the actual situation is established. 2. The modal analysis of gantry crane structure is carried out by using the lumped Lanzos method in ANSYS. The first 10 natural frequencies and corresponding modes of gantry crane are obtained when the full load trolley is in the middle of span. 3. By using the complete method of ANSYS, the transient response of gantry crane structure is analyzed, and the response of node displacement, velocity and acceleration time history of gantry crane under the impact of lifting load is obtained when the full load trolley is in the middle of span. 4. The ANSYS optimization design module is used to optimize the main girder structure of the crane. The weight of the main girder structure after the optimization is reduced by 33.84, which can reduce the weight of the whole crane.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.5

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