基于全息特征的零件信息建模与工艺路线决策研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 10:14

本文选题：全息特征 + 零件信息模型　；参考：《中北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今的机械制造业面对的是一个需求更趋向多样化、产品生命周期更短、竞争更激烈的市场，，如何优化产品设计、制造过程及有效节约劳力、机床、材料、刀具等资源，降低企业成本已成为当务之急。CAPP是一项涉及产品设计、制造及管理的综合技术，对优化资源的配置，降低企业成本有重要意义。本文对CAPP从零件信息的描述和工艺路线决策两个方面进行了研究，主要研究内容如下： 1）分析了CAPP对零件信息的要求；采用特征设计法形成全息特征，并基于全息特征在总体信息层、特征层和特征属性层上建立了零件信息模型，以满足CAPP对零件信息的要求。 2）研究了加工元的定义和属性，将工艺路线决策问题中的选择性决策和过程决策分别转化为加工元的生成和排序；采用产生式规则建立了加工链、装夹面、加工设备、刀具、夹具的决策模型，通过将零件信息模型中提取的信息与制造资源库中企业加工能力进行匹配来完成加工元的生成。 3）工艺过程决策即加工元排序采用蚁群优化算法来实现。在深入研究蚁群优化的原理、问题描述、构建解的过程及蚂蚁行为的基础上，建立了面向蚁群优化的工艺过程决策模型：工艺过程决策就是在点与点（加工元与加工元）的优先约束条件下，在边上有权重（加权海明距离）的有向图中寻找最小总权重的非闭合哈密尔顿路径。采用优先表来处理加工元间的优先约束关系，用加权海明距离表示加工元间的相似度；蚂蚁在禁忌规则和优先表的约束下在有向图中以一定规则构建解，并根据AS rank规则对路径上的信息素进行更新（释放和蒸发）；经过多只蚂蚁的多次迭代，最终得到最优的工艺路线。 4）开发了一套轴类零件的CAPP原型系统，验证了上述信息模型和工艺路线决策方法的有效性。本文所研究的内容对创成式CAPP的开发有一定借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Today's machinery manufacturing industry is facing a more diversified demand, shorter product life cycle, more competitive market, how to optimize product design, manufacturing process and effectively save labor, machine tools, materials, cutting tools and other resources. Reducing enterprise cost has become an urgent matter. CAPP is a comprehensive technology involving product design, manufacturing and management, which is of great significance to optimize the allocation of resources and reduce enterprise cost. In this paper, the description of part information and the decision of process route are studied in CAPP. The main contents are as follows: The main contents are as follows: 1) the requirements of CAPP for part information are analyzed, and the holographic features are formed by feature design method, and part information models are established on the general information layer, feature layer and feature attribute layer based on the holographic features to meet the requirements of CAPP for part information. 2) the definition and attribute of machining element are studied, the selective decision and process decision in process route decision are transformed into the generation and ranking of machining element respectively, and the machining chain, clamping surface, machining equipment and cutting tool are established by production rule. By matching the information extracted from the information model of parts with the processing ability of the enterprise in the manufacturing resource database, the decision model of fixture is used to complete the generation of machining elements. 3) process decision-making is realized by ant colony optimization algorithm. On the basis of deeply studying the principle of ant colony optimization, the problem description, the process of constructing solution and the behavior of ant, A process decision model for ant colony optimization is established: the process decision is based on the priority constraints of point and point (processing element and machining element). An unclosed Hamiltonian path with minimum total weight is found in a directed graph with weighted weights (weighted hamming distance) on the edge. The priority table is used to deal with the precedence constraint relationship between processing elements, and the weighted hamming distance is used to represent the similarity between the processing elements, and the ant is constructed by certain rules in the directed graph under the constraints of taboo rules and priority tables. The pheromone in the path is updated (released and evaporated) according to the as rank rule, and the optimal process route is obtained after several iterations of several ants. 4) A CAPP prototype system for shaft parts is developed, which verifies the effectiveness of the above information model and process route decision method. The content of this paper has some reference significance for the development of generative CAPP.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH162;TP391.72

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