桥式起重机箱形主梁结构分析及优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 23:01

本文选题：桥式起重机 + 主梁　；参考：《东北林业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济建设的需要和工业化水平的加快,桥式起重机作为物质生产和装卸搬运的重要设备广泛应用于生产车间、仓库等场所。传统的许用应力法和极限状态法设计的桥式起重机在工程上能满足需要,但存在自重较大、材料浪费的问题。现代设计方法的出现,加快了起重机设计的发展,如何在满足工程要求的前提下,降低制造成本,提高市场竞争力,具有更现实的意义。本文以有限单元法为理论基础,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,以32t桥式起重机为例在计算机中虚拟仿真计算。建立桥式起重机有限元模型,对其进行静、动态分析和优化设计,为桥式起重机的设计提供参考,本文主要研究内容包括： (1)根据起重机结构和受力特点进行合理简化,建立起重机参数化有限元模型,对其在不同工况下进行静力分析,确定最危险工况下主梁截面的最大等效应力和最大等效位移。验证所建立模型的合理性,为后续的优化设计提供依据。 (2)建立主粱优化的数学模型,在满足设计强度、刚度的前提下,对起重机主梁进行优化设计,得到最佳优化序列,并验证优化设计后主梁结构的合理性。 (3)应用Reduced(缩减)法对起重机进行动态特性分析,小车满载位于主梁跨中时,提取其前8阶固有频率以及相应振型,验证优化后起重机满足动态刚度的要求,并分析了增设加强筋板对起重机固有振动特性的影响。
[Abstract]:With the need of economic construction and the acceleration of industrialization in China, bridge cranes are widely used in production workshops, warehouses and other places as important equipment for material production and loading and unloading. The traditional bridge crane designed by the allowable stress method and the limit state method can meet the needs in engineering, but it has the problems of heavy weight and waste of materials. The emergence of modern design methods has accelerated the development of crane design. How to reduce manufacturing costs and improve market competitiveness under the premise of meeting the requirements of engineering has more realistic significance. Based on the finite element method (FEM) and ANSYS finite element analysis software, this paper takes 32t bridge crane as an example for virtual simulation in computer. The finite element model of bridge crane is established, static and dynamic analysis and optimization design are carried out, which provide reference for the design of bridge crane. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) based on the reasonable simplification of crane structure and mechanical characteristics, the parameterized finite element model of crane is established, and the static analysis is carried out under different working conditions to determine the maximum equivalent stress and maximum equivalent displacement of the main beam section under the most dangerous working conditions. The rationality of the model is verified and the basis for further optimization design is provided. The mathematical model of the main beam optimization is established. Under the premise of satisfying the design strength and stiffness, the crane main girder is optimized, and the optimal optimization sequence is obtained, and the rationality of the main beam structure after the optimization design is verified. The dynamic characteristics of the crane are analyzed by reduced (reduction) method. When the vehicle is in the middle of the main girder span, the first eight natural frequencies and the corresponding vibration modes are extracted to verify that the crane meets the requirements of dynamic stiffness after optimization. The effect of adding stiffeners on the natural vibration characteristics of crane is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH215

【相似文献】