塔式起重机转台的动力学分析与结构安全性分析

发布时间：2018-05-15 07:38

本文选题：转台 + 灵敏度分析　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：塔机工作时各个机构频繁的启动与制动，使转台结构承受强烈的冲击和振动，严重影响塔机的工作性能和操作人员的舒适性，因此塔机转台的结构安全性和动态性能越来越多的被广泛关注。国内转台的设计长期采用静态设计法和动载系数法。静态设计法在设计阶段主要考虑转台的静态问题。动载系数法虽考虑了动态问题，但因塔机常出现复杂的耦合运动，使用动载系数法很难获得较高的计算精度，，这样设计的转台动态性能很差。本文针对转台的动态性能问题，提出了对关键动态特性参数动刚性进行动态优化设计。首先利用Pro/E、Pro/M、HyperMesh、ANSYS软件，建立转台的三维模型和有限元模型，对转台进行有限元分析、灵敏度分析。其中，灵敏度分析确定对转台动刚性、强度和静刚性等影响较大的设计参数。其次，将这些设计参数作为变量对转台进行动态优化设计。最后，使用动力学仿真软件ADAMS，对优化前后转台回转运动启动、制动过程进行仿真分析。分析结果表明，转台结构在动态优化后不仅其动态性能得到了显著地提高，而且其静态性能也得到了有效地改善。本文对转台性能的分析与优化为大型转台综合性能的改进有重要的应用参考价值。
[Abstract]:The frequent starting and braking of each mechanism of tower crane makes the structure of turntable bear strong shock and vibration, which seriously affects the working performance of tower crane and the comfort of operators. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the structural security and dynamic performance of tower crane turntable. The static design method and dynamic load coefficient method are used in the design of domestic turntable for a long time. The static design method mainly considers the static problem of the turntable in the design stage. Although the dynamic load coefficient method considers the dynamic problem, the dynamic load coefficient method is difficult to obtain a high accuracy because of the complex coupling motion of the tower crane, so the dynamic performance of the turntable designed is very poor. In order to solve the dynamic performance problem of turntable, a dynamic optimization design for dynamic rigidity of key dynamic characteristic parameters is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the 3D model and the finite element model of the turntable are established by using the software ProP / P / M HyperMeshor ANSYS. The finite element analysis and sensitivity analysis of the turntable are carried out. Among them, the sensitivity analysis determines the design parameters which have great influence on the dynamic rigidity, strength and static rigidity of the turntable. Secondly, these design parameters are used as variables for dynamic optimization design of turntable. Finally, the dynamic simulation software Adams is used to simulate the starting and braking process of the rotary table before and after optimization. The results show that the dynamic performance and static performance of the turntable structure are improved significantly after dynamic optimization. In this paper, the analysis and optimization of turntable performance has important reference value for improving the comprehensive performance of large turntable.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.3

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