随机风速下风电齿轮传动系统的动态特性分析

发布时间：2018-05-26 12:50

本文选题：随机风速 + 齿轮传动系统　；参考：《太原理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：几百年来,石油、天然气等矿物质能源促进了人类社会的发展,然而,伴随着对能源的利用,地球的生态环境也遭到极大的破坏。为了保证人类社会的可持续发展,世界各国纷纷开始投入到对新能源的开发利用中来。其中,利用纯净无污染且储量丰富的风能进行发电的技术已相当成熟,并发挥出巨大的经济效益。风力发电机一般都安装在高山、海边等风能充足的地方,维修和保养比较困难,因此对其可靠性提出了很高的要求。但是,在实际运行中发现,部分风场的风电机组故障率较高,其中,由齿轮箱失效引起的故障占到了一半以上。因此,为了提高系统安全运行的可靠性,本文以某1.5MW风力发电机齿轮箱为研究对象,在充分考虑随机风速引起的动态外载荷情况下,对其动态特性进行研究,主要内容如下：确定齿轮箱的基本传动形式与各级传动的具体结构,建立其物理模型。在刚性体基本假设下,建立两级行星传动和高速级平行轴传动的动力学方程,根据耦合条件,得到系统的二阶动力学微分方程,建立系统的动力学分析模型,并仔细讨论了模型中涉及的各主要参数。另外,对系统的外部激励进行了分析,根据IECKAI风速模型,得到50s内的风速时间历程,综合修正的风能利用系数,得到系统的输入转矩曲线。基于虚拟样机技术和有限元分析方法,对齿轮系统的动态特性进行分析,在验证仿真模型正确性的基础上,得到系统的轮齿间动态啮合力和动态轴承力。对结果分析表明,轴承力受外载荷影响的作用明显,随载荷的变化具有相同的变化趋势,另外发现,两级行星轮系所受力矩大于平行轴传动,在系统运行时更容易发生失效现象。在满足系统正常运转及疲劳强度的条件下,根据系统可靠性定义,设计齿轮系统的可靠性模型,以基本设计参数为变量,对风力发电机齿轮系统的两级行星轮系做优化设计,对比优化前后的构件振动位移幅值发现,优化后系统的振动幅度大大减小,系统体积和重量也有所降低,有效提高了系统安全运行的可靠性。
[Abstract]:For hundreds of years, petroleum, natural gas and other mineral energy have promoted the development of human society. However, with the use of energy, the ecological environment of the earth has also been greatly damaged. In order to ensure the sustainable development of human society, the world began to invest in the development and utilization of new energy. Among them, the technology of generating electricity by pure and clean wind energy with abundant reserves is quite mature and exerts great economic benefits. Wind turbines are generally installed in high mountains, seaside and other places where wind energy is abundant, so it is difficult to repair and maintain, so the reliability of wind turbines is very high. However, it is found that the failure rate of wind turbine in some wind field is high, among which, the failure caused by gearbox failure accounts for more than half. Therefore, in order to improve the reliability of the safe operation of the system, this paper takes a 1.5MW wind turbine gearbox as the research object, and fully considers the dynamic external load caused by the random wind speed. The main contents are as follows: The basic transmission form of gearbox and the concrete structure of all levels of transmission are determined, and its physical model is established. Under the basic assumption of rigid body, the dynamic equations of two stage planetary transmission and high speed parallel shaft transmission are established. According to the coupling conditions, the second order dynamic differential equation of the system is obtained, and the dynamic analysis model of the system is established. The main parameters involved in the model are discussed in detail. In addition, the external excitation of the system is analyzed. According to the IECKAI wind speed model, the time history of the wind speed in 50s is obtained, and the input torque curve of the system is obtained by synthesizing the modified wind energy utilization coefficient. Based on virtual prototyping technology and finite element analysis method, the dynamic characteristics of gear system are analyzed. On the basis of verifying the correctness of simulation model, the dynamic meshing force and dynamic bearing force between gear teeth are obtained. The analysis of the results shows that the bearing force is obviously affected by the external load and has the same changing trend with the change of the load. In addition, it is found that the torque of the two-stage planetary gear train is greater than that of the parallel shaft transmission. Failure is more likely to occur when the system is running. Under the condition of satisfying the normal operation and fatigue strength of the system, according to the definition of system reliability, the reliability model of the gear system is designed. Taking the basic design parameters as the variable, the two-stage planetary gear train of the wind turbine gear system is optimized. Comparing the amplitude of vibration displacement before and after optimization, it is found that the vibration amplitude of the optimized system is greatly reduced, and the volume and weight of the system are also reduced, which effectively improves the reliability of the safe operation of the system.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM315;TH132.41

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