立式多级离心泵机组振源特性分析及振动控制研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 11:22

本文选题：多级离心泵 + 振动　；参考：《哈尔滨工程大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：设备的低噪声设计是解决设备振动问题的最根本方法，振源特性分析和振动响应预估是低噪声设计的关键技术。旋转机械是最常用的机电设备之一，发展其低噪声设计水平具有重要价值。论文针对本学院教学实验室振动过大的多级离心泵机组，在载荷识别基础上进行了振源特性深入分析，，提出了振动控制措施。主要研究内容如下： 1、对机组转子系统、定子系统和支撑系统进行了模态分析，初步分析了振动响应产生的原因，发现各个子系统在不同频段都存在局部模态共振。 2、建立了机组有限元模型，利用实验模型验证了其准确性；计算了条件数并选择了参与识别的振动响应测点，将各种振源等效为轴承点集中载荷，应用频响函数求逆法进行了机组载荷识别。根据载荷识别结果，再次分析了振动响应产生的原因，发现中频段的振动响应产生原因是振源幅值较大。 3、进行了泵整机流场在设计工况下的三维稳态数值计算，得到了每一级流场中间截面的静压、动压、速度和迹线的分布规律，揭示了泵内的流动特征；在此基础上进行了三维非稳态数值计算，得到了叶轮流道和蜗舌区的压力脉动特性，揭示了泵内的非稳态特征；计算了驱动电机电磁激振力的频率及幅值。振源特性分析结果表明：流体激励为低、中频段连续谱，电磁激励为中频段单线谱。 4、在上述分析的基础上，详细分析了振动响应产生的原因，提出了振动控制方案；依次进行了结构优化和振源优化并进行了实验验证，改进后的机组振动加速度取得了降低到原机组35%的效果。论文综合运用模态分析、载荷识别、振源特性分析和振动控制，初步归纳出振动过大的机电设备进行改进设计的流程，为机电设备的低噪声设计提供了有益的参考。
[Abstract]:The design of low noise is the most fundamental method to solve the vibration problem of equipment. The analysis of vibration source characteristics and the prediction of vibration response are the key technologies of low noise design. Rotating machinery is one of the most commonly used mechanical and electrical equipment. It is of great value to develop its low noise design level. Aiming at the multistage centrifugal pump unit with excessive vibration in the teaching laboratory of our college, the vibration source characteristics are deeply analyzed on the basis of load identification, and the vibration control measures are put forward. The main contents of the study are as follows: 1. The modal analysis of rotor system, stator system and support system is carried out, and the causes of vibration response are analyzed preliminarily. It is found that local modal resonance exists in different frequency bands of each subsystem. 2. The finite element model of the unit is established, the accuracy of the model is verified by the experimental model, the condition number is calculated, and the vibration response measuring points participating in the identification are selected, and the various vibration sources are equivalent to the concentrated load of the bearing point. The method of inverse frequency response function is used to identify the load of the unit. According to the result of load identification, the causes of vibration response are analyzed again, and it is found that the amplitude of vibration source is larger than that of medium frequency band. 3. The three dimensional steady state numerical calculation of the flow field of the pump is carried out under the design condition. The distribution of static pressure, dynamic pressure, velocity and trace line in the middle section of each stage flow field is obtained, and the flow characteristics in the pump are revealed. On the basis of this, the pressure pulsation characteristics of impeller flow channel and cochlear tongue region are obtained, the unsteady characteristics in pump are revealed, and the frequency and amplitude of electromagnetic excitation force of driving motor are calculated. The results of vibration source analysis show that the fluid excitation is low, the medium frequency continuous spectrum is low, and the electromagnetic excitation is a single line spectrum in the middle frequency band. 4. On the basis of the above analysis, the causes of vibration response are analyzed in detail, and the vibration control scheme is put forward, and the structural optimization and vibration source optimization are carried out in turn and verified by experiments. The vibration acceleration of the improved unit is reduced to 35% of the original unit. The paper synthetically uses modal analysis, load identification, vibration source characteristic analysis and vibration control, and preliminarily induces the process of improving the design of electromechanical equipment with excessive vibration, which provides a useful reference for the low noise design of electromechanical equipment.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH311

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