汽车起重机液压伸缩系统机液联合仿真与试验研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 00:25

本文选题：汽车起重机 + 液压　；参考：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：汽车起重机是工程机械的主要机种,同时又是一种使用范围广泛、作业适用性大的通用型起重机。吊臂是汽车起重机的重要部件,其性能好坏将直接影响到整机的安全性、起重性能和经济效益。起重机吊臂可分为桁架臂式和箱形臂式两种,目前汽车起重机广泛使用液压驱动的伸缩式箱形吊臂。吊臂的起重性能对汽车起重机而言意义及其重大,探索科学、合理的提高吊臂性能的方法是现代起重机设计中必须解决的问题。随着科学技术的发展,特别是计算机技术的发展,利用计算机作为工具来研究实际系统的动态特性已成为可能。仿真技术现在已经成为系统分析、研究、设计中不可缺少的重要手段,在降低系统的研制成本,提高试验及训练的安全性能方面起着越来越重要的作用。这项技术在起重机设计中也成为了重要工具。本论文主要应用计算机仿真技术,利用LMS Virtual. lab Motion仿真软件对吊臂机械系统进行刚柔耦合建模与仿真,利用AMESim仿真软件对吊臂液压系统建立仿真模型,并进行机液联合仿真,分析研究伸缩系统动态特性。本论文以双液压缸五节臂式的汽车起重机伸缩系统为对象,主要进行了以下研究工作： 1.介绍了汽车起重机国内外发展概况；从结构形式、动力形式和伸缩方式等方面介绍了汽车起重机伸缩系统的发展情况；论述了计算机仿真技术和虚拟样机技术的概念及在起重机设计上的应用。 2.对数学建模的概念进行了简单叙述；介绍了伸缩液压系统的工作原理；利用AMESim软件建立了上车多路阀和液压系统的仿真模型,介绍了各部分模型的选择和参数的设置,对模型进行了仿真分析。 3.对伸缩系统的机械结构进行了介绍；利用LMS Virtual. Lab Motion建立了伸缩系统机械部分的模型,为充分考虑吊臂变形的影响,采用有限元分析的方法,对刚性体模型进行了柔性化处理,并对刚柔耦合模型进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明仿真模型可以反映实际工作过程。 4.利用LMS Virtual. Lab Motion和AMESim之间良好的接口对机械系统和液压系统进行联合仿真。论述了软件中接口和参数的设置,对系统进行了机液联合仿真,仿真结果表明联合仿真比单个系统仿真更能反映系统实际工作情况。 5.对起重机伸缩液压系统进行了试验研究,介绍了整个试验过程；对试验结果与仿真结果进行了对比分析,试验结果表明仿真模型基本可以反映实际工作情况；在此基础上,对伸缩液压系统进一步进行了仿真研究,对影响系统性能的几个因素进行了分析,研究了系统的动态特性,根据研究结果提出了节能措施；最后对液压系统进行了改进设计。本文的主要创新点有以下几方面： 1.利用LMS Virtual. Lab Motion与AMESim软件对起重机伸缩系统进行机液耦合仿真,该方法可更好的模拟真实的负载,提高仿真精度。 2.为提高伸缩过程的平稳性,提出在液压系统中增加蓄能器的改进建议。本论文的研究结果具有一定的实际工程应用价值,对汽车起重机伸缩系统的设计和性能的提高具有重要的参考价值。应用本论文的研究方法可以提高研发效率,缩短产品研发周期,节省研发费用,更好地对产品进行优化设计。这对提高国内起重机的技术水平具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:The crane is the main type of engineering machinery, at the same time it is a general type crane with wide application range and large applicability. The crane arm is an important part of the truck crane. Its performance will directly affect the safety of the whole machine, the lifting performance and the economic benefit. The lifting arm of the crane can be divided into the truss arm type and the box arm type two. At present, the truck crane widely uses the telescopic boom of hydraulic drive. The lifting arm's lifting performance is of great significance to the truck crane and it is important. To explore the scientific and reasonable way to improve the performance of the crane arm is a problem that must be solved in the modern crane design.
With the development of science and technology, especially the development of computer technology, it is possible to use the computer as a tool to study the dynamic characteristics of the actual system. The simulation technology has now become an important and indispensable means in the system analysis, research and design, to reduce the cost of the development of the system and to improve the safety performance of the test and training. Surface plays an increasingly important role. This technology has also become an important tool in crane design.
This paper mainly uses the computer simulation technology, uses the LMS Virtual. lab Motion simulation software to model and simulate the rigid flexible coupling of the crane arm mechanical system, uses the AMESim simulation software to establish the simulation model of the hoist arm hydraulic system, and carries out the joint simulation of the machine and liquid, and analyzes and studies the dynamic characteristics of the extension system.
In this paper, a two cylinder five boom truck crane telescopic system is taken as the research object.
1. the development of automobile crane at home and abroad is introduced. The development of the telescopic system of automobile crane is introduced from the aspects of structural form, dynamic form and expansion mode, and the concept of computer simulation and virtual prototyping and its application in the design of crane are discussed.
2. the concept of mathematical modeling is briefly narrated, the working principle of the telescopic hydraulic system is introduced, and the simulation model of the multiple valve and hydraulic system is established by using AMESim software. The selection of the models and the setting of the parameters are introduced, and the simulation analysis of the model is carried out.
3. the mechanical structure of the telescopic system is introduced, and the model of the mechanical part of the telescopic system is established by using LMS Virtual. Lab Motion. In order to fully consider the influence of the deformation of the crane arm, the rigid body model is treated flexibly by the finite element analysis method, and the simulation analysis is carried out on the rigid flexible coupling model. The simulation results show that the simulation results show that the rigid flexible coupling model is used. The simulation model can reflect the actual working process.
4. the joint simulation of mechanical system and hydraulic system is carried out with good interface between LMS Virtual. Lab Motion and AMESim. The setting of the interface and parameters in the software is discussed, and the joint simulation of the system is carried out. The simulation results show that the joint simulation can be more able to reflect the actual work of the system than the single system simulation.
5. the experimental research of the crane telescopic hydraulic system is carried out, the whole test process is introduced, and the test results are compared with the simulation results. The experimental results show that the simulation model can reflect the actual work situation. On this basis, the simulation research on the telescopic hydraulic system is carried out in one step, and the performance of the system is affected. Several factors are analyzed, the dynamic characteristics of the system are studied, and the energy saving measures are put forward according to the research results. Finally, the improvement design of the hydraulic system is carried out.
The main innovation points of this paper are as follows:
1. LMS Virtual. Lab Motion and AMESim software are used to simulate the mechanical fluid coupling of the crane expansion system. This method can better simulate the real load and improve the simulation precision.
2. in order to improve the stability of the telescopic process, an improvement suggestion for increasing accumulator in hydraulic system is put forward.
The research results of this paper have practical engineering application value, and have important reference value for the design and performance improvement of the telescopic system of automobile crane. The application of this research method can improve the efficiency of research and development, shorten the cycle of product research and development, save the cost of R & D and optimize the design of the product. The technical level of the domestic crane is of great significance.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH213.6

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