电磁轴承转子系统动力学特性研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 14:22

本文选题：电磁轴承 + 阻尼　；参考：《北方工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：电磁轴承转子系统由机械、电气和控制软件三大部分组成。它融合了机械动力学、测试科学、信号处理技术、电磁理论、电子技术以及计算机控制科学,是最具有代表性的机电一体化产品之一。为使转子稳定地悬浮在电磁轴承中,必须根据转子的工作状态对电磁力进行调节,从而不断地改变作用力的大小和方向。电磁轴承转子在实际应用的过程中,工作环境较为复杂,经常会有负载在转子上。这些负载会使转子质心偏离旋转中心,从而产生质量不平衡,并引起转子振动,使机器产生振动噪声,以致降低工作效率,甚至影响机组的安全运行。本文针对电磁轴承的动力学特性和电磁轴承转子系统中转子外加负载的情况进行了理论和实验研究,主要工作和结论如下： (1)建立电磁轴承的理论模型,在频域内对电磁轴承的动力学特性进行分析,分别得到了电磁阻尼和电磁刚度的数学关系表达式。仿真分析了电磁轴承转子系统中的参数在频域内对电磁阻尼、刚度的影响,为电磁轴承的设计提供了理论依据和指导。 (2)将转子设为刚性转子,运用动力学和麦克斯韦电磁理论对转子系统进行分析研究,考虑了不同负载的状况,通过Matlab数值仿真软件对其在不同转速条件下的转子的动力学特性进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明本系统在无加载状况下,能够稳定运行；当给转子施加一个和两个负载时,转子的振幅比转子无负载时大,但仍在系统的允许范围内,系统具有一定的抗干扰能力；在给转子施加10倍负载时,转子转速高于一定值后转子与电磁轴承发生碰撞。 (3)对不同负载质量下电磁轴承转子的动力学特性进行实验研究,得到不同转速下转子的轴心轨迹,水平方向和垂直方向的时域图。分析结果可知,负载质量对转子的振动产生了一定的影响,加载一个和两个负载质量时在控制器的作用下系统仍能保持稳定运转。
[Abstract]:Active magnetic bearing rotor system is composed of mechanical, electrical and control software. It combines mechanical dynamics, testing science, signal processing technology, electromagnetic theory, electronic technology and computer control science. It is one of the most representative products of mechatronics. In order for the rotor to suspend stably in the electromagnetic bearing, the electromagnetic force must be adjusted according to the working state of the rotor, and the magnitude and direction of the force must be changed constantly. In the process of practical application, the working environment of active magnetic bearing rotor is more complex, and it is often loaded on the rotor. These loads will make the center of mass of rotor deviate from the center of rotation resulting in mass imbalance and cause the vibration of the rotor cause vibration and noise of the machine reduce the working efficiency and even affect the safe operation of the unit. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of the active magnetic bearing and the external load of the rotor in the rotor system of the active magnetic bearing are studied theoretically and experimentally. The main work and conclusions are as follows: 1) the theoretical model of the magnetic bearing is established. The dynamic characteristics of electromagnetic bearing are analyzed in frequency domain, and the mathematical expressions of electromagnetic damping and electromagnetic stiffness are obtained respectively. The influence of the parameters of the rotor system of the active magnetic bearing on the electromagnetic damping and stiffness in the frequency domain is simulated and analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the design of the magnetic bearing. The rotor system is analyzed and studied by using dynamics and Maxwell electromagnetic theory. The dynamic characteristics of rotor under different rotational speeds are simulated by Matlab software. The simulation results show that the system can run stably under the condition of no load, when one or two loads are applied to the rotor, the amplitude of the rotor is larger than that of the rotor without load, but it is still within the allowable range of the system. The system has certain anti-interference ability, when the rotor speed is higher than a certain value, the rotor collides with the electromagnetic bearing. The time domain diagrams of the axis locus, horizontal direction and vertical direction of the rotor at different speeds are obtained. The analysis results show that the load mass has a certain effect on the vibration of the rotor, and the system can still operate stably under the action of the controller when one or two load masses are loaded.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.3

【相似文献】