压缩机出口管线的减振分析及优化设计

发布时间：2018-06-06 10:43

  本文选题：管道振动 + 气流脉动　； 参考：《北京化工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：往复式压缩机是‘种重要的流体输送设备,广泛应用于化工、核能、海洋工程、交通运输等国家支柱产业。在运行过程中,活塞周期性的吸气、排气,使流体产生脉动压力,管道受流体撞击后极易发生振动,影响到装置的正常运行。此外,流体振动系统与管道结构振动系统均具有自身固有频率,当压缩机激振力频率与二者之一相同或相近时会发生共振,对生产安全造成严重威胁。因此,控制压缩机管线的振动,尤其是对避免共振问题的研究,具有十分重要的意义。本论文对两个振动系统的固有频率进行了理论推导,并利用有限元软件对复杂管系的气柱固有频率、压力脉动及机械固有频率进行了计算。主要研究内容和结论如下： (1)阐述了气流压力脉动、气柱固有频率与共振管长的计算公式,以及有限元方法在计算流体压力脉动中的应用。利用PULS软件建立复杂管系气柱模型,并进行了相应的模态分析与气流脉动分析,计算出低阶情况下气柱的固有频率与压力脉动值。 (2)对管系机械结构固有频率的理论计算进行了简单推导,应用管道应力分析专用软件CAESAR Ⅱ建立复杂管系模型,并进行了静力及动力分析,计算得出管系应力分布及低阶固有频率值,将其与压缩机激振力频率及相同模型的气柱固有频率进行了比较,提出了避免共振发生的方法。 (3)应用ANSYS软件对单一管道支架进行分析,将托板与管道的接触方式简化为筋板支撑、接触对、整体简化处理三种方式,并对三种简化方式的计算结果进行了对比;对带有支管及支撑筋板的大直径管道进行了应力分析,比较得出支撑筋板对振动位移的控制作用；总结了压缩机管道控制的常用方法。
[Abstract]:Reciprocating compressor is an important fluid transportation equipment, widely used in chemical industry, nuclear energy, marine engineering, transportation and other national pillar industries. In the process of operation, the piston periodically inhale and exhaust, which makes the fluid produce pulsating pressure, the pipeline is easy to vibrate after being hit by the fluid, which affects the normal operation of the device. In addition, both the fluid vibration system and the pipeline structure vibration system have their own natural frequencies. When the frequency of the exciting force of the compressor is the same or close to one of them, resonance will occur, which will pose a serious threat to the safety of production. Therefore, it is of great significance to control the vibration of compressor pipeline, especially to avoid resonance. In this paper, the natural frequencies of two vibration systems are derived theoretically, and the natural frequencies of gas column, pressure pulsation and mechanical natural frequencies of complex pipe system are calculated by finite element software. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1) the formulas for calculating the flow pressure pulsation, the natural frequency of the gas column and the length of the resonance tube, and the application of the finite element method in the calculation of the pressure fluctuation of the fluid are described. The gas column model of complex pipe system is established by using PULS software, and the corresponding modal analysis and flow pulsation analysis are carried out, and the natural frequency and pressure fluctuation value of the gas column under low order condition are calculated. (2) the theoretical calculation of the natural frequency of the mechanical structure of the pipe system is simply deduced, and the model of the complex pipe system is established by using the special software CAESAR 鈪，

本文编号：1986250